Capitalismo verde y energías "limpias": Costa Rica como laboratorio mundial de descarbonización
Fecha
2020
Tipo
artículo original
Autores
Gutiérrez Arguedas, Alberto
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
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Editor
Resumen
En la última década, se ha construido un imaginario de Costa Rica como
un país líder en el campo de las energías “limpias” y renovables y la lucha
contra el cambio climático. El presente artículo se propone reflexionar
acerca de la construcción de este imaginario, el cual ha alcanzado su
máxima expresión a través del lanzamiento, en febrero de 2019, del Plan
Nacional de Descarbonización (PND), promovido explícitamente como
una forma de convertir al país en “laboratorio mundial de descarbonización”.
Se argumenta que la imagen internacional de Costa Rica como país
de energías “limpias” está inscrita en un contexto de gobernanza mundial
del cambio climático, que, desde sus orígenes en la década de 1990, ha
estado dominado por un paradigma que busca compatibilizar la cuestión
ambiental/climática con el pensamiento desarrollista y economicista de
mercado: el capitalismo verde. Asimismo, se plantea la idea que Costa
Rica desempeña un papel estratégico como “eco-laboratorio neoliberal”,
escenario de experimentación de formas innovadoras de gobernanza ambiental
basadas en el mercado, del cual la descarbonización representa el
más elocuente ejemplo.
In the last decade, it has been built an imaginary of Costa Rica as a leader in “clean”/renewable energies, as well as in the fight against climate change. This article aims to reflect on the construction of this imaginary, which has reached its maximum expression through the launch, in February 2019, of the National Decarbonization Plan (PND, in Spanish), explicitly promoted as a way of turning the country into a “global decarbonization laboratory”. It is argued that the international image of Costa Rica regarding “clean” energy country is inscribed in a context of global governance of climate change, which, since its origins in the 1990s, has been dominated by a paradigm that seeks to reconcile the environmental/ climatic issue with the developmentalist and economistic market thinking: green capitalism. Likewise, it is asserted that Costa Rica plays a strategic role as a “neoliberal eco-laboratory”, a place for experimentation of innovative forms of market-based environmental governance, of which decarbonization represents the clearest example.
In the last decade, it has been built an imaginary of Costa Rica as a leader in “clean”/renewable energies, as well as in the fight against climate change. This article aims to reflect on the construction of this imaginary, which has reached its maximum expression through the launch, in February 2019, of the National Decarbonization Plan (PND, in Spanish), explicitly promoted as a way of turning the country into a “global decarbonization laboratory”. It is argued that the international image of Costa Rica regarding “clean” energy country is inscribed in a context of global governance of climate change, which, since its origins in the 1990s, has been dominated by a paradigm that seeks to reconcile the environmental/ climatic issue with the developmentalist and economistic market thinking: green capitalism. Likewise, it is asserted that Costa Rica plays a strategic role as a “neoliberal eco-laboratory”, a place for experimentation of innovative forms of market-based environmental governance, of which decarbonization represents the clearest example.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Capitalismo verde, Energías renovables, Descarbonización, Costa Rica, Excepcionalismo verde, Green capitalism, Renewable energies, Decarbonization, Green excepionalism