Elementos de la gestión coordinada en fronteras: identificación de prácticas en Latinoamérica
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Barboza González, Georgianella
Rojas Corrales, Andrey Alonso
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Abstract
El crecimiento de las operaciones de comercio internacional obliga a los distintos actores a buscar la facilitación de las operaciones comerciales, sin descuidar los procesos de control. Las instituciones públicas observan la necesidad de implementar iniciativas para facilitar el flujo de personas y mercancías entre países por medio de medidas propias del modelo de gestión coordinada de fronteras, como el intercambio de información, uso de sistemas informáticos interconectados, gestión del riesgo y coordinación interinstitucional a nivel nacional y binacional, enfocadas en la disminución de los tiempos de despacho en fronteras terrestres. En Latinoamérica, a partir de los indicadores de facilitación del comercio de la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico, destacan Argentina, Colombia y México en el ámbito de cooperación tanto interna como externa, por lo que se estudian acciones concretas que han sido implementadas por estos países.
The growth of international trade operations has forced the different actors to seek the facilitation of commercial operations, without neglecting the control processes. Public institutions have found it necessary to implement initiatives to facilitate the flow of people and goods between countries, through measures typical of the coordinated border management model, such as information exchange, use of interconnected computer systems, risk management and interinstitutional coordination at the national and binational levels, focused on reducing release times at land borders. In Latin America, based on the facilitation indicators of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Argentina, Colombia, and Mexico stand out in the field of both internal and external cooperation, therefore, concrete actions that have been implemented by these countries are studied.
The growth of international trade operations has forced the different actors to seek the facilitation of commercial operations, without neglecting the control processes. Public institutions have found it necessary to implement initiatives to facilitate the flow of people and goods between countries, through measures typical of the coordinated border management model, such as information exchange, use of interconnected computer systems, risk management and interinstitutional coordination at the national and binational levels, focused on reducing release times at land borders. In Latin America, based on the facilitation indicators of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Argentina, Colombia, and Mexico stand out in the field of both internal and external cooperation, therefore, concrete actions that have been implemented by these countries are studied.
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Aduanas, Facilitación del comercio, Puestos fronterizos, Comercio internacional, Cooperación, Customs, Trade facilitation, Border crossings, International trade, Cooperation