Comparación de la Cantidad de Fosfatos en Esmalte Dental Hipomineralizado y No Hipomineralizado con Espectroscopía Raman
Fecha
2023
Tipo
tesis de maestría
Autores
Marciaga Camargo, Yesenia Sayuri
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Resumen
Introducción: El esmalte dental puede mostrar cambios en su composición química, en el cual el fosfato es el mineral representativo del componente hidroxiapatita, y durante la etapa de mineralización puede verse interrumpida su formación, afectando la calidad del esmalte, causando defectos cualitativos como es la hipomineralización molar (HM). En esta investigación se utiliza la espectroscopia Raman para analizar y comparar las cantidades de fosfato en el esmalte dental sano y en el esmalte dental hipomineralizado. La desorganización de los cristales de hidroxiapatita con la reducción de la cantidad de fosfatos en este esmalte, puede llevar a una deficiencia en la adhesión de cualquier material restaurador, y conocer la cantidad de fosfatos según el color del esmalte hipomineralizado, puede determinar la elección más adecuada del tratamiento y el éxito del mismo. Por lo tanto, es de nuestro interés conocer la presencia de fosfatos en el esmalte dental sano e hipomineralizado a través de las diversas manifestaciones clínicas: blanco-crema, amarillo, marrón y con ruptura del esmalte. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo comparar la cantidad de fosfatos del esmalte dental sano y en esmalte con hipomineralización molar, mediante el uso de la espectroscopía Raman. Materiales y métodos: Estudio experimental, fueron preseleccionados 22 dientes extraídos, asociados como esmalte dental HM, con manifestaciones clínicas de color: blanco-crema, amarillo, marrón y con fractura del esmalte dental. Se eligen 16 muestras de acuerdo con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Se limpian las muestras y luego almacenadas en agua destilada hasta su análisis con la espectroscopía Raman. Luego de analizadas mediante espectroscopía Raman, cada espectro obtenido de una muestra, fue importado al software Spectragriph® v1.2.16 (Dr. Fiedrich Menges), el cual permite graficar el espectro Raman de cada muestra y extraer los valores de cada pico espectral de fosfatos, que refleja de una manera objetiva la intensidad de la señal de la molécula analizada. Aprobado por el Comité de ética en investigación de la Institución. Resultados: Se comparan los promedios de cada población estudiada (esmalte sano no HM vs esmalte HM). Se utiliza la prueba T de Students para la comparación de todas las muestras, el cual mostró un valor de significancia bilateral de 0.10, mayor a 0.05, con un 95% de confianza, y luego se aplicó el análisis de varianza ANOVA para la comparación en grupos según el color; demostrando una diferencia significativa (p < 0,05) entre el esmalte sano no HM y el esmalte HM. Conclusiones: Se determina la presencia del fosfato mediante la espectroscopía Raman en el esmalte dental HM y sano, con una reducción del 55% de fosfatos en el esmalte HM. En los grupos por colores hubo pérdida de fosfatos: el 85% en el esmalte HM marrón con fractura del esmalte, 81% el amarillo y 66% el esmalte con HM blanco crema.
Introduction: Dental enamel can show changes in its chemical composition, in which phosphate is the representative mineral of the hydroxyapatite component, and due to certain events that occur during the mineralization stage, its formation can be interrupted, affecting the quality of enamel, causing qualitative defects such as molar hypomineralization (HM). In this investigation, Raman spectroscopy is used to analyze and compare the amounts of phosphate in healthy dental enamel and in hypomineralized dental enamel. The disorganization of the hydroxyapatite crystals with the reduction in the amount of phosphates in this enamel can lead to a deficiency in the adhesion of any restorative material, and knowing the amount of phosphates according to the color of the hypomineralized enamel can be important for the most appropriate choice of treatment and determine its success. Therefore, it is of our interest to know the presence of phosphates in healthy and hypomineralized dental enamel through the various clinical manifestations: white-cream, yellow, brown, and enamel breakdown. The present study aims to compare the amount of phosphates in healthy dental enamel and in enamel with molar hypomineralization, through the use of Raman spectroscopy. Materials and methods: Experimental study, 22 extracted teeth were pre-selected, associated with HM dental enamel, with clinical manifestations of color: white-cream, yellow, brown and with dental enamel fracture. 16 samples are chosen according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Samples are cleaned and then stored in distilled water until analysis with Raman spectroscopy. After being analyzed by Raman spectroscopy, each spectrum obtained from a sample was imported into the Spectragriph® v1.2.16 software (Dr. Fiedrich Menges), which allows the Raman spectrum of each sample to be plotted and the values of each phosphate spectral peak to be extracted. , which objectively reflects the signal intensity of the analyzed molecule. Approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Institution. Results: The averages of each studied population (healthy non-HM enamel vs HM enamel) are compared. The Students' T test was used to compare all the samples, which showed a bilateral significance value of 0.10, greater than 0.05, with 95% confidence, and then the ANOVA analysis of variance was applied for the comparison in groups according to color; demonstrating a significant difference (p < 0.05) between healthy non-HM enamel and HM enamel. Conclusions: The presence of phosphate is determined by Raman spectroscopy in HM and healthy dental enamel, with a 55% reduction of phosphates in HM enamel. In the color groups there was loss of phosphates: 85% in brown HM enamel with enamel fracture, 81% in yellow and 66% in enamel with cream white HM.
Introduction: Dental enamel can show changes in its chemical composition, in which phosphate is the representative mineral of the hydroxyapatite component, and due to certain events that occur during the mineralization stage, its formation can be interrupted, affecting the quality of enamel, causing qualitative defects such as molar hypomineralization (HM). In this investigation, Raman spectroscopy is used to analyze and compare the amounts of phosphate in healthy dental enamel and in hypomineralized dental enamel. The disorganization of the hydroxyapatite crystals with the reduction in the amount of phosphates in this enamel can lead to a deficiency in the adhesion of any restorative material, and knowing the amount of phosphates according to the color of the hypomineralized enamel can be important for the most appropriate choice of treatment and determine its success. Therefore, it is of our interest to know the presence of phosphates in healthy and hypomineralized dental enamel through the various clinical manifestations: white-cream, yellow, brown, and enamel breakdown. The present study aims to compare the amount of phosphates in healthy dental enamel and in enamel with molar hypomineralization, through the use of Raman spectroscopy. Materials and methods: Experimental study, 22 extracted teeth were pre-selected, associated with HM dental enamel, with clinical manifestations of color: white-cream, yellow, brown and with dental enamel fracture. 16 samples are chosen according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Samples are cleaned and then stored in distilled water until analysis with Raman spectroscopy. After being analyzed by Raman spectroscopy, each spectrum obtained from a sample was imported into the Spectragriph® v1.2.16 software (Dr. Fiedrich Menges), which allows the Raman spectrum of each sample to be plotted and the values of each phosphate spectral peak to be extracted. , which objectively reflects the signal intensity of the analyzed molecule. Approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Institution. Results: The averages of each studied population (healthy non-HM enamel vs HM enamel) are compared. The Students' T test was used to compare all the samples, which showed a bilateral significance value of 0.10, greater than 0.05, with 95% confidence, and then the ANOVA analysis of variance was applied for the comparison in groups according to color; demonstrating a significant difference (p < 0.05) between healthy non-HM enamel and HM enamel. Conclusions: The presence of phosphate is determined by Raman spectroscopy in HM and healthy dental enamel, with a 55% reduction of phosphates in HM enamel. In the color groups there was loss of phosphates: 85% in brown HM enamel with enamel fracture, 81% in yellow and 66% in enamel with cream white HM.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Hipomineralización molar incisivo, Hipomineralización molar, Espectroscopía Raman, Hidroxiapatita, Fosfatos del esmalte, Minerales de esmalte dental