Turismo idiomático como herramienta de reactivación económica en las comunidades rurales y costeras: una propuesta para la promoción y articulación en los procesos de gestión de los entes rectores en las embajadas y consulados costarricenses
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Barboza Retana, Andrea
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RESUMEN
El decrecimiento del número de estudiantes extranjeros que buscan aprender
español en Costa Rica va en aumento y representa un impacto socioeconómico
negativo significativo tanto para las familias costarricenses que hospedan
estudiantes extranjeros como empresarios turísticos, constituyendo un
empobrecimiento de la población a falta de inversión de turistas que buscan estadías
más largas para cursar módulos de inmersión de español.
Desde la iniciativa privada la enseñanza de español se ha convertido en una
industria importante de alto valor económico a nivel nacional. Si bien es cierto, Costa
Rica disfruta de las ventajas que le ofrece su papel como potencia en turismo
idiomático a nivel centroamericano, dichas ventajas no son permanentes, la
competencia en materia de turismo idiomático es muy fuerte y nuevos actores
emergentes como Argentina, Colombia, Chile, Guatemala y Cuba están apostando
por el desarrollo de esta industria.
Considerando lo anterior, actualmente Costa Rica no cuenta con una
estrategia país para la promoción del español como lengua extranjera a pesar de que
sí ha trabajado para posicionarse como destino turístico diferenciado basados en la
sostenibilidad y enfocados en aspectos como autenticidad, naturaleza, cultura, paz y
bienestar. Por otra parte, las propuestas enfocadas en atracción de turismo joven y
la reactivación turística económica de las zonas rurales podría convertirse en el
empuje requerido que permita impulsar y promocionar el turismo idiomático.
Esta investigación presenta un análisis respecto al turismo idiomático (TI) y
cómo éste puede ser una opción positiva para reactivar las cadenas de valor en
zonas donde se necesita estimular la economía promoviendo la sostenibilidad
además de potenciar el sector cultural, analizando también el papel clave que debe
tener la Cancillería en la articulación de esta iniciativa.
ABSTRACT The decrease in the number of foreign students seeking to learn Spanish in Costa Rica represents a negative socioeconomic impact both for Costa Rican families that host foreign students and for tourism entrepreneurs, constituting an impoverishment of the population due to a lack of tourist investment from tourists seeking longer stays to study Spanish immersion modules. From the private initiative, teaching Spanish has become an important industry of high economic value at the national level. Although Costa Rica enjoys the advantages offered by its role as a leader in language tourism in Central America, these advantages will not last forever, competition in language tourism is very aggressive and new emerging actors such as Argentina, Colombia, Chile, Guatemala, and Cuba are betting on the development of this industry. Considering the above-mentioned facts, Costa Rica currently does not have a country strategy for the promotion of the teaching of Spanish as a foreign language, despite the fact that the country has worked to position itself as a differentiated tourist destination based on sustainability, authenticity, natural resources, culture, peace and wellness. On the other hand, the proposals on attracting young tourism and the reactivation of economic tourism in rural areas could become the driving force required to promote language tourism. This research presents an analysis regarding language tourism (IT, for its acronym in Spanish) and how it can be a positive option to reactivate value chains in areas where it is necessary to stimulate the economy by promoting sustainability in addition to supporting the cultural sector by analyzing the role of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in the articulation of this initiative
ABSTRACT The decrease in the number of foreign students seeking to learn Spanish in Costa Rica represents a negative socioeconomic impact both for Costa Rican families that host foreign students and for tourism entrepreneurs, constituting an impoverishment of the population due to a lack of tourist investment from tourists seeking longer stays to study Spanish immersion modules. From the private initiative, teaching Spanish has become an important industry of high economic value at the national level. Although Costa Rica enjoys the advantages offered by its role as a leader in language tourism in Central America, these advantages will not last forever, competition in language tourism is very aggressive and new emerging actors such as Argentina, Colombia, Chile, Guatemala, and Cuba are betting on the development of this industry. Considering the above-mentioned facts, Costa Rica currently does not have a country strategy for the promotion of the teaching of Spanish as a foreign language, despite the fact that the country has worked to position itself as a differentiated tourist destination based on sustainability, authenticity, natural resources, culture, peace and wellness. On the other hand, the proposals on attracting young tourism and the reactivation of economic tourism in rural areas could become the driving force required to promote language tourism. This research presents an analysis regarding language tourism (IT, for its acronym in Spanish) and how it can be a positive option to reactivate value chains in areas where it is necessary to stimulate the economy by promoting sustainability in addition to supporting the cultural sector by analyzing the role of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in the articulation of this initiative
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Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores y Culto de la República de Costa Rica, Turismo Idiomático, Política Exterior, Español como Lengua Extranjera, Sistema internacional de certificación del español como lengua extranjera, Promotora del Comercio Exterior de Costa Rica, Secretaría de Turismo del Gobierno de México, Universidad Autónoma de México, Organización Mundial del Turismo, Asociación de Centros de Idiomas en Argentina, TURISMO
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