Autoconcepto profesional en el estudiantado del programa de posgrado en ciencias de la enfermería desde los patrones del conocimiento
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INTRODUCCIÓN: El autoconcepto profesional es un aspecto personal primordial que se relaciona con elementos que intervienen en el desarrollo profesional, destacándose la influencia que tiene en la calidad de los cuidados que brindan las enfermeras y los enfermeros, así como en la proyección de la profesión a la sociedad. OBJETIVO: Describir el autoconcepto de la profesión de enfermería desde el estudiantado del Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias de la Enfermería de la Universidad de Costa Rica en el año 2022, de acuerdo con los patrones de conocimiento en enfermería. METODOLOGÍA: Estudio con diseño fenomenológico, enfoque descriptivo basado en Husserl. Participaron 15 estudiantes activos del Programa de Posgrado en Enfermería, analizado desde los 6 patrones de conocimiento en enfermería; personal, empírico, estético, ético, sociopolítico y emancipatorio. Se analizan los datos en coherencia con Husserl Cumplió con los principios éticos de Ezequiel Emanuel. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN: se realizaron 15 entrevistas a profesionales de enfermería pertenecientes a las maestrías profesionales: Maestría en Enfermería Pediátrica, Maestría en Enfermería Quirúrgica, Maestría en Salud Mental y Psiquiatría, Maestría en Enfermería Ginecológica, Obstétrica y Perinatal y Maestría en Enfermería Oncológica y Hematológica. El análisis se llevó a cabo con apoyo del software ATLAS.ti, se obtuvo un total de 6 categorías, 8 subcategorías y 12 códigos: Patrón empírico: conocimiento adquirido de formación académica, y motivación para posgrado. Patrón estético: comprensión de la respuesta humana. Patrón personal: percepción disciplinar, satisfacción laboral, influencia en el desempeño. Patrón ético: valores y cualidades involucradas en el ejercicio laboral. Patrón sociopolítico: importancia de las leyes y políticas relacionadas a enfermería. Patrón emancipatorio: decisiones y empoderamiento laboral. CONCLUSIÓN: Se describe el autoconcepto profesional desde el patrón empírico: importancia de la formación académica para el ejercicio laboral, según las experiencias de cada profesional y la utilización de los conocimientos en sus espacios de trabajo; desde el patrón estético: interpretación de la respuesta humana, el ambiente laboral y las relaciones con los compañeros de trabajo; desde el patrón personal: percepción positiva de la disciplina, la satisfacción personal según el entorno y las condiciones de trabajo y las implicaciones del desempeño laboral en la calidad de la atención brindada; desde el patrón ético: valores y las cualidades que orientan las acciones profesionales; desde el patrón sociopolítico: proyección de poca seguridad y de insatisfacción en relación a las leyes y políticas relacionadas a la disciplina; desde el patrón emancipatorio: autonomía, seguridad y convivencia con los demás, y el conocimiento relacionado a la sensación de empoderamiento.
INTRODUCTION. Professional self-concept, a fundamental personal aspect related to elements involved in professional development, has great influence on the quality of care provided by nurses, as well as the image the profession projects to society. OBJECTIVE. To describe self-concepts of the nursing profession from the perspective of students enrolled in the Graduate Program in Nursing Sciences of the University of Costa Rica in the year 2022, based on patterns of knowledge in nursing. METHODOLOGY. A phenomenological design study was conducted with a descriptive approach based on the work of Husserl. 15 active students of the Graduate Nursing Program participated and were analyzed based on the 6 patterns of knowledge in nursing: personal, empirical, aesthetic, ethical, sociopolitical and emancipatory. The data were analyzed using the principles provided by Husserl. The ethical Artavia Flores YD, Rodríguez Conejo JP, Vílchez Barboza V 2024. HorizEnferm,35,2,573-594 575 criteria of Ezekiel Emanuel were met. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. Interviews were conducted with 15 nursing professionals with Master's Degrees in Pediatric Nursing; Surgical Nursing; Mental Health and Psychiatry; Gynecological, Obstetric, and Perinatal Nursing; and Oncological and Hematological Nursing. The analysis, carried out with the support of ATLAS.ti, yielded 6 categories, 8 subcategories, and 12 codes: Empirical pattern: knowledge acquired from academic training and motivation for postgraduate studies. Aesthetic pattern: understanding of human response. Personal pattern: disciplinary perception, job satisfaction, influence on performance. Ethical pattern: values and qualities involved in work practice. Sociopolitical pattern: the importance of laws and policies related to nursing. Emancipatory pattern: decisions and work empowerment. CONCLUSION. Professional self-concept is described from the empirical pattern: the importance of academic training for work practice, according to the experiences of each professional, and the use of knowledge in their work spaces; from the aesthetic pattern: interpretation of human response, work environment, and relationships with co-workers; from the personal pattern: positive perception of the discipline, personal satisfaction according to the environment and working conditions, and the implications of work performance on the quality of care provided; from the ethical pattern: values and the qualities that guide professional actions; from the sociopolitical pattern: projection of little security and dissatisfaction in relation to laws and policies related to the discipline; from the emancipatory pattern: autonomy, security and coexistence with others, and knowledge related to the feeling of empowerment.
INTRODUCTION. Professional self-concept, a fundamental personal aspect related to elements involved in professional development, has great influence on the quality of care provided by nurses, as well as the image the profession projects to society. OBJECTIVE. To describe self-concepts of the nursing profession from the perspective of students enrolled in the Graduate Program in Nursing Sciences of the University of Costa Rica in the year 2022, based on patterns of knowledge in nursing. METHODOLOGY. A phenomenological design study was conducted with a descriptive approach based on the work of Husserl. 15 active students of the Graduate Nursing Program participated and were analyzed based on the 6 patterns of knowledge in nursing: personal, empirical, aesthetic, ethical, sociopolitical and emancipatory. The data were analyzed using the principles provided by Husserl. The ethical Artavia Flores YD, Rodríguez Conejo JP, Vílchez Barboza V 2024. HorizEnferm,35,2,573-594 575 criteria of Ezekiel Emanuel were met. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. Interviews were conducted with 15 nursing professionals with Master's Degrees in Pediatric Nursing; Surgical Nursing; Mental Health and Psychiatry; Gynecological, Obstetric, and Perinatal Nursing; and Oncological and Hematological Nursing. The analysis, carried out with the support of ATLAS.ti, yielded 6 categories, 8 subcategories, and 12 codes: Empirical pattern: knowledge acquired from academic training and motivation for postgraduate studies. Aesthetic pattern: understanding of human response. Personal pattern: disciplinary perception, job satisfaction, influence on performance. Ethical pattern: values and qualities involved in work practice. Sociopolitical pattern: the importance of laws and policies related to nursing. Emancipatory pattern: decisions and work empowerment. CONCLUSION. Professional self-concept is described from the empirical pattern: the importance of academic training for work practice, according to the experiences of each professional, and the use of knowledge in their work spaces; from the aesthetic pattern: interpretation of human response, work environment, and relationships with co-workers; from the personal pattern: positive perception of the discipline, personal satisfaction according to the environment and working conditions, and the implications of work performance on the quality of care provided; from the ethical pattern: values and the qualities that guide professional actions; from the sociopolitical pattern: projection of little security and dissatisfaction in relation to laws and policies related to the discipline; from the emancipatory pattern: autonomy, security and coexistence with others, and knowledge related to the feeling of empowerment.
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Keywords
autoconcepto, enfermería, educación de postgrado, self concept, education, nursing, graduate