Respuesta en producción de leche relacionada al nivel de inclusión de alimento concentrado en la dieta de vacas lecheras de fincas asociadas a productores de Monteverde S.A.
Fecha
2015
Tipo
artículo original
Autores
Saborío Montero, Alejandro
Arguedas Sánchez, Randall
Monge Maroto, Juan José
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ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
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Resumen
El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la respuesta productiva relacionada al nivel de inclusión de alimento concentrado en la dieta de vacas lecheras en fincas, asociadas a la empresa Productores de Monteverde S.A. La recolección de información se llevó a cabo durante el cuarto trimestre del año 2007 y el primer trimestre del 2008, en fincas ubicadas en: Puntarenas, Guanacaste y Alajuela, Costa Rica. Un total de 75 fincas con animales en pastoreo fueron incluidas en el estudio para estimar: la dosis de alimento concentrado promedio utilizada diariamente por animal, la productividad diaria promedio por animal y la respuesta productiva asociada a la dosificación de alimento concentrado. Un análisis de regresión lineal determinó que las vacas produjeron 5,52 kg de leche a base del forraje consumido y reservas corporales y por cada kilogramo de alimento concentrado dosificado en la ración, las vacas produjeron 1,67 kg de leche adicional (1,92 kg leche/kg concentrado en base seca, R2 = 0,71). La producción de leche fue significativamente mayor (P< 0,05), al incrementar la oferta de alimento concentrado para tres distintas categorías de dosificación (<3 kg, 3 a 6 kg, >6 kg). La asociación entre la oferta de alimento concentrado por animal por día y la proporción de sólidos totales producidos en la leche fue baja (R2 = 0,1). En condiciones similares a las del estudio, se considera que el alimento concentrado es un insumo indispensable para aumentar la rentabilidad delos sistemas productivos lecheros.
The aim of this research was to evaluate the response in milk yield associated with the level of inclusion of concentrate feeds in the diet of dairy cows in farms associated to the company Productores de Monteverde S.A. Data was collected during the fourth quarter of 2007 and first quarter of 2008 in farms situated in Puntarenas, Guanacaste and Alajuela, Costa Rica. A total of 75 grazing dairy farms were included in the study to estimate: the dose of concentrated feed used daily by animal, the costs associated with the purchase of concentrate feed, daily average productivity per cow and the milk yield response associated with the dosage of concentrate feed. A linear regression analysis determined that the cows yielded 5.52 kg of milk based on consumed forage and body reserves, and per each kilogram of concentrate dosed in the diet, cows yielded 1.67 kg of additional milk(1,92 kg milk/kg concentrate, Dry Matter Basis, R2 = 0.71). Milk yield was significantly higher (P< 0.05), with increased the offer of concentrate feed for three different categories of dosage (<3 kg, 3 to 6 kg, >6 kg). The association between offer of concentrate feed per animal per day and the proportion of total milk solids produced was low (R2 = 0.1). Under conditions similar to this study, it is considered that concentrate feed is an indispensable input to increase the profitability of the dairy production system.
The aim of this research was to evaluate the response in milk yield associated with the level of inclusion of concentrate feeds in the diet of dairy cows in farms associated to the company Productores de Monteverde S.A. Data was collected during the fourth quarter of 2007 and first quarter of 2008 in farms situated in Puntarenas, Guanacaste and Alajuela, Costa Rica. A total of 75 grazing dairy farms were included in the study to estimate: the dose of concentrated feed used daily by animal, the costs associated with the purchase of concentrate feed, daily average productivity per cow and the milk yield response associated with the dosage of concentrate feed. A linear regression analysis determined that the cows yielded 5.52 kg of milk based on consumed forage and body reserves, and per each kilogram of concentrate dosed in the diet, cows yielded 1.67 kg of additional milk(1,92 kg milk/kg concentrate, Dry Matter Basis, R2 = 0.71). Milk yield was significantly higher (P< 0.05), with increased the offer of concentrate feed for three different categories of dosage (<3 kg, 3 to 6 kg, >6 kg). The association between offer of concentrate feed per animal per day and the proportion of total milk solids produced was low (R2 = 0.1). Under conditions similar to this study, it is considered that concentrate feed is an indispensable input to increase the profitability of the dairy production system.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Producción de leche, Alimento concentrado, Vacas lecheras, Pastoreo, Milk yield, Concentrate feed, Dairy cows, Grazing