Impacto de la utilización del monitor ambulatorio de la presión arterial en los pacientes de un programa de seguimiento farmacoterapéutico
Fecha
2023-06-20
Tipo
artículo original
Autores
Rivas Solano, Luis Manuel
Sánchez Araya, José Miguel
Cordero García, Ana Eugenia
Chaverri Fernández, José Miguel
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Resumen
El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el impacto de un monitor ambulatorio de presión arterial (M.A.P.A.) en el control de los pacientes hipertensos del programa de seguimiento farmacoterapéutico de una clínica de atención primaria. En cuanto a la metodología del presente trabajo, se lleva a cabo un estudio observacional prospectivo con los pacientes hipertensos que fueron referidos desde mayo de 2018 hasta febrero de 2019, donde los valores de presión arterial se comprobaron con el M.A.P.A. Asimismo, el impacto del programa de seguimiento farmacoterapéutico se analiza por medio del valor de presión arterial, frecuencia cardiaca, presión arterial media, índice de masa corporal (IMC) y nivel de creatinina, así como la adherencia al tratamiento antes y después de ser parte del programa de seguimiento farmacoterapéutico a través del análisis con t-Student. En relación con los resultados, se incluyen a 30 pacientes, de los cuales el 40 % presentaban la presión arterial normal u óptima al realizarse el mapeo con M.A.P.A. Por este motivo, se incluyeron a 18 pacientes (60%) para el seguimiento farmacoterapéutico. Se identificaron 283 resultados negativos asociados a la medicación, 171 problemas relacionados con los medicamentos y un 11 % de adherencia al tratamiento; posterior a las intervenciones realizadas se logró un 100 % de adherencia al tratamiento. En conclusión, la utilización de un monitor ambulatorio de presión arterial (M.A.P.A.) permite identificar pacientes con hipertensión descontrolada y realizar intervenciones farmacéuticas adecuadas, con el fin de evitar la prescripción de medicamentos innecesarios y de aumentar la adherencia al tratamiento.
The main object of this study is to analyze the impact of an ambulatory blood pressure monitor (M.A.P.A.) in the control of hypertensive patients in the pharmacotherapeutic follow-up program of a primary care clinic. Regarding the methodology of this work, a prospective observational study was carried out with hypertensive patients who were referred from May 2018 to February 2019, where blood pressure values were checked with the M.A.P.A. The impact of the pharmacotherapeutic monitoring program is analyzed through the value of blood pressure, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, body mass index (BMI), and creatinine level, as well as adherence to treatment before and after being part of it. The statistical analysis is carried out through t student. About the results, 30 patients were included, of which 40% had normal or optimal blood pressure when performing the mapping with M.A.P.A. For this reason, 18 patients (60%) were included for pharmacotherapeutic follow-up. As a result, 283 negative reports associated with medication, 171 drug-related problems, and 11% adherence to treatment were identified. After the interventions were carried out, 100% adherence to treatment was achieved. In conclusion, the use of an ambulatory blood pressure monitor (M.A.P.A.) makes it possible to identify patients with uncontrolled hypertension, carry out appropriate pharmaceutical interventions and avoid the prescription of unnecessary medications and increase treatment adherence.
The main object of this study is to analyze the impact of an ambulatory blood pressure monitor (M.A.P.A.) in the control of hypertensive patients in the pharmacotherapeutic follow-up program of a primary care clinic. Regarding the methodology of this work, a prospective observational study was carried out with hypertensive patients who were referred from May 2018 to February 2019, where blood pressure values were checked with the M.A.P.A. The impact of the pharmacotherapeutic monitoring program is analyzed through the value of blood pressure, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, body mass index (BMI), and creatinine level, as well as adherence to treatment before and after being part of it. The statistical analysis is carried out through t student. About the results, 30 patients were included, of which 40% had normal or optimal blood pressure when performing the mapping with M.A.P.A. For this reason, 18 patients (60%) were included for pharmacotherapeutic follow-up. As a result, 283 negative reports associated with medication, 171 drug-related problems, and 11% adherence to treatment were identified. After the interventions were carried out, 100% adherence to treatment was achieved. In conclusion, the use of an ambulatory blood pressure monitor (M.A.P.A.) makes it possible to identify patients with uncontrolled hypertension, carry out appropriate pharmaceutical interventions and avoid the prescription of unnecessary medications and increase treatment adherence.
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Palabras clave
Hipertensión, Educación en Farmacia, Servicios Farmacéuticos, Cumplimiento y adherencia al tratamiento, Hypertension, Education Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Care, Treatment Adherence and Compliance