Effect of an intensive physical conditioning program on body composition and isometric strength in children with Down syndrome

Abstract

Purpose: Was to determine the effect of a physical fitness program on body composition and isometric strength in children with Down syndrome. Methods: Twenty-two children with DS, 13 in the experimental group (EG) and 9 in the control group (CG). Isometric handgrip strength, body height, weight, triceps and the medial calf skinfolds were measured. The body mass index (BMI) was computed from body height and weight. The physical fitness program was performed for 16-weeks, 5 times per week, on 55-min sessions. Results: Significant pre- to post-intervention reductions in BMI were observed in both EG (22.2 ± 2.5 vs. 20.7 ± 2.5 kg/m2 ; P ≤ 0.0001), and CG (23.3 ± 4.9 vs. 21.9 ± 4.6 kg/m2; P ≤ 0.001). Significant pre- to post-intervention reductions were observed in medial calf skinfold and isometric strength in the EG (14.9 ± 5.5 vs. 14.6 ± 3.2 mm; P = 0.008) and (2.4 ± 4.0 vs. 9.2 ± 2.0 kg; P ≤ 0.0001), respectably. Conclusion: A physical fitness program improved isometric strength and body composition in Down syndrome participants. Children with Down syndrome can improve their quality of life by performing structured physical fitness training.