Anticuerpos monoclonales para el tratamiento del COVID-19
Fecha
2022-04-20
Tipo
artículo de revisión
Autores
Arce Rodríguez, Noelia
Bermúdez Vargas, Cristopher
Gamboa Campos, Gerson
Martínez Vargas, Ernesto
Molina Orlich, María José
Tencio Villalobos, Diana
Mora Román, Juan José
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Resumen
El COVID-19 es una enfermedad ocasionada por el virus SARS-CoV-2. Con el aumento explosivo de casos confirmados, la Organización Mundial de la Salud declaró este brote como emergencia de salud pública de interés internacional el 30 de enero de 2020, y como pandemia el 11 de marzo de ese mismo año. Desde ese momento, se han llevado a cabo investigaciones para hallar medicamentos contra este patógeno. Un ejemplo son los anticuerpos monoclonales, una herramienta poderosa para tratar una amplia gama de condiciones, tales como: cáncer, enfermedades autoinmunes, neuronales, infecciosas y metabólicas. En poco tiempo, algunos mostraron resultados alentadores en el mejoramiento de los síntomas clínicos de pacientes con dicha patología. Unos actúan de manera directa contra el virus y otros mediante mecanismos farmacológicos asociados a su fisiopatología. Su utilización representa una alternativa para reducir hospitalizaciones y muertes por la infección. Actualmente existe uno con aprobación completa (casirivimab e imdevimab, se administran en conjunto) y tres aprobados para uso de emergencia (bamlanivimab más etesevimab, se administran en conjunto; sotrovimab y tocilizumab) por parte de la Administración de Alimentos y Medicamentos de los Estados Unidos. Sin embargo, es indispensable el desarrollo de más estudios clínicos para evidenciar su eficacia y su seguridad en diversas poblaciones, así como el estudio de nuevas moléculas.
COVID-19 is a disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. With the explosive increase in confirmed cases, he World Health Organization declared this outbreak as a public health emergency of international concern on January 30, 2020, and as a pandemic on March 11 of that same year. Since then, research has been conducted to find valuable drugs against this pathogen. An example is monoclonal antibodies, a powerful tool for treating various conditions like cancer, cancer, autoimmune, neuronal, infectious, and metabolic diseases. In a short time, some showed encouraging results in improving patients' clinical symptoms with this pathology. Various act directly against the virus and others through pharmacological mechanisms associated with its pathophysiology. Its use represents an alternative to reduce hospitalizationsand deaths from the infection. There is currently one fully approved (casirivimab and imdevimab, administered together) and three approved for emergency use (bamlanivimab plus etesevimab, administered together; sotrovimab, and tocilizumab) by the US Food and Drug Administration. However, the development of more clinical studies is essential to demonstrate its efficacy and safety in various populations and the study of new molecules.
COVID-19 is a disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. With the explosive increase in confirmed cases, he World Health Organization declared this outbreak as a public health emergency of international concern on January 30, 2020, and as a pandemic on March 11 of that same year. Since then, research has been conducted to find valuable drugs against this pathogen. An example is monoclonal antibodies, a powerful tool for treating various conditions like cancer, cancer, autoimmune, neuronal, infectious, and metabolic diseases. In a short time, some showed encouraging results in improving patients' clinical symptoms with this pathology. Various act directly against the virus and others through pharmacological mechanisms associated with its pathophysiology. Its use represents an alternative to reduce hospitalizationsand deaths from the infection. There is currently one fully approved (casirivimab and imdevimab, administered together) and three approved for emergency use (bamlanivimab plus etesevimab, administered together; sotrovimab, and tocilizumab) by the US Food and Drug Administration. However, the development of more clinical studies is essential to demonstrate its efficacy and safety in various populations and the study of new molecules.
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Organización Mundial de la Salud, farmacoterapia, anticuerpos monoclonales, ensayos clínicos, CORONAVIRUS, COVID-19, World Health Organization, pharmacotherapy, monoclonal antibodies, Clinical trials