Tendencias recientes en la formulación de políticas públicas: Una aproximación bibliográfica
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Abstract
Se trata de un estado del arte, no exhaustivo, a partir de una revisión de literatura sobre políticas públicas, su análisis e interpretación, contextualizadas en los cambios generados por la globalización, las transformaciones de la agencia estatal y el crecimiento de actores no estatales en el sistema internacional. Se tiene en cuenta lo relativo a los problemas perversos, que van en aumento, y las crisis que han tenido lugar en la presente centuria. Se complementa con el diseño y co-diseño de políticas, que adquiere mayor relevancia para comprender la importancia del objeto de estudio. El propósito es ofrecer un recuento de constructos y sus variables, identificación de los principales enfoques y tendencias en el diseño de políticas, al mismo tiempo que aportar bibliografía que sirva de referencia a quienes están interesados en el estudio de este campo. Esto porque el trabajo es parte de un proyecto de investigación sobre tendencias recientes en el diseño y co-diseño de políticas. Por ende, no llega a conclusiones o afirmaciones. En ese sentido es un documento de consulta para realizar análisis puntuales o generales sobre las políticas; y es un avance de un proyecto de investigación sobre Diseño de políticas públicas en contextos complejos: el caso de Costa Rica, adscrito a la Escuela de Administración Pública, Universidad de Costa Rica.
The article presents a state-of-the-art analysis, not exhaustive, based on a review of literature on public policies and their interpretation. This is contextualized within the changes brought about by globalization, the transformations of state agencies, and the growth of non-state actors in the international system. The study also delves into wicked problems, which are on the rise, and the crises of the present century. Additionally, it explores the significance of the design and co-design of policies, a crucial aspect for understanding the subject of study. The purpose is to provide an account of constructs and their variables, identify main approaches and trends in policy design, and offer bibliography as a reference for those interested in this field. While not a comprehensive review, it encompasses a wide range of texts. The work is part of a research project on recent trends in the design and co-design of policies. As a result, it enumerates concepts rather than reaching conclusions or making statements. In this sense, it serves as a consultation document for specific or general policy analyses. It is a preview of a research project on “Public policy design in complex contexts: the case of Costa Rica”, assigned to the School of Public Administration, University of Costa Rica.
The article presents a state-of-the-art analysis, not exhaustive, based on a review of literature on public policies and their interpretation. This is contextualized within the changes brought about by globalization, the transformations of state agencies, and the growth of non-state actors in the international system. The study also delves into wicked problems, which are on the rise, and the crises of the present century. Additionally, it explores the significance of the design and co-design of policies, a crucial aspect for understanding the subject of study. The purpose is to provide an account of constructs and their variables, identify main approaches and trends in policy design, and offer bibliography as a reference for those interested in this field. While not a comprehensive review, it encompasses a wide range of texts. The work is part of a research project on recent trends in the design and co-design of policies. As a result, it enumerates concepts rather than reaching conclusions or making statements. In this sense, it serves as a consultation document for specific or general policy analyses. It is a preview of a research project on “Public policy design in complex contexts: the case of Costa Rica”, assigned to the School of Public Administration, University of Costa Rica.
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Keywords
decisiones públicas, globalización, crisis, problemas perversos, toma de decisiones, public decisions, globalization, wicked problems, decision-making