Protocolo de atención clínica para el manejo de la insuficiencia cardiaca crónica en pacientes adultos del Hospital Rafael Angel Calderón Guardia
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La insuficiencia cardiaca con fracción de eyección reducida (ICFEr) es una entidad clínica de alta prevalencia y relevancia en Costa Rica y el mundo. Se trata de una condición compleja y progresiva con una elevada morbilidad y mortalidad, la cual representa un importante reto para los sistemas de salud del país. Dada la creciente carga de la enfermedad en el sistema de salud costarricense, la creación de un protocolo clínico de abordaje para los pacientes con ICFEr resulta de vital importancia. En el Hospital Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia (H.C.G.), la implementación de un protocolo de manejo para pacientes con ICFEr aportaría significativamente al fortalecimiento de la atención integral y multidisciplinaria de esta patología. Dicho lineamiento permitiría una mejor estandarización de los procesos diagnósticos y terapéuticos, lo cual garantizaría un abordaje más eficiente y equitativo para todos los pacientes. Asimismo, sería un aporte para la optimización del uso de los recursos hospitalarios. Por tanto, facilitaría la detección temprana de complicaciones, reduciría las tasas de readmisión y mejoraría los desenlaces clínicos, lo cual es demostrado ampliamente por la evidencia científica. La integración de un protocolo específico en este centro hospitalario también serviría como modelo de referencia para otros hospitales y áreas de salud del país que carecen de una. Por ende, fomentaría un enfoque homogéneo y basado en la evidencia en el manejo de la insuficiencia cardiaca. A partir de un análisis riguroso de la literatura científica más reciente sobre esta enfermedad, se ha diseñado un marco conceptual integral que aborda los aspectos más actualizados del diagnóstico y tratamiento de la ICFEr. Este marco servirá como base para la elaboración de un plan de acción estructurado que permita ofrecer una atención más efectiva, eficiente y adaptada a las necesidades de la población adscrita al hospital. El presente trabajo investigativo se enfoca en revisar los aspectos clínicos, fisiopatológicos y terapéuticos de la insuficiencia cardiaca con fracción de eyección reducida en el contexto de Costa Rica con el propósito de contribuir a una mejor comprensión de la enfermedad y sus abordajes actuales en la práctica clínica nacional. Del mismo modo, es necesario recalcar que va dirigido a cualquier personal de salud que vaya a tener contacto con el paciente con ICFEr.
Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is a clinical entity with high prevalence and significance in Costa Rica and worldwide. It is a complex and progressive condition, associated with high morbidity and mortality, posing a major challenge to the country’s healthcare systems. Given the growing burden of this disease on the Costa Rican healthcare system, the creation of a clinical management protocol for patients with HFrEF is of vital importance. At Hospital Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia (H.C.G.), the implementation of a management protocol for HFrEF patients would significantly strengthen the comprehensive, multidisciplinary care of this condition. Such a guideline would allow for better of diagnostic and therapeutic processes, ensuring a more efficient and equitable approach for all patients. Moreover, it would contribute to optimizing the use of hospital resources, facilitating early detection of complications, reducing readmission rates, and improving clinical outcomes, as widely demonstrated by scientific evidence. The integration of a specific protocol within this hospital would also serve as a reference model for other hospitals and healthcare areas in the country that lack such a protocol, promoting a homogeneous, evidence-based approach to the management of heart failure. Based on a thorough review of the most recent scientific literature on this disease, a comprehensive conceptual framework has been designed, addressing the most up-to-date aspects of the diagnosis and treatment of HFrEF. This framework will serve as the foundation for the development of a structured action plan, aimed at providing more effective, efficient, and tailored care for the population served by the hospital. This work focuses on reviewing the clinical, pathophysiological, and therapeutic aspects of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction in the context of Costa Rica, with the goal of contributing to a better understanding of the disease and its current management in national clinical practice. It is intended for any healthcare personnel who will have contact with patients diagnosed with HFrEF.
Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is a clinical entity with high prevalence and significance in Costa Rica and worldwide. It is a complex and progressive condition, associated with high morbidity and mortality, posing a major challenge to the country’s healthcare systems. Given the growing burden of this disease on the Costa Rican healthcare system, the creation of a clinical management protocol for patients with HFrEF is of vital importance. At Hospital Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia (H.C.G.), the implementation of a management protocol for HFrEF patients would significantly strengthen the comprehensive, multidisciplinary care of this condition. Such a guideline would allow for better of diagnostic and therapeutic processes, ensuring a more efficient and equitable approach for all patients. Moreover, it would contribute to optimizing the use of hospital resources, facilitating early detection of complications, reducing readmission rates, and improving clinical outcomes, as widely demonstrated by scientific evidence. The integration of a specific protocol within this hospital would also serve as a reference model for other hospitals and healthcare areas in the country that lack such a protocol, promoting a homogeneous, evidence-based approach to the management of heart failure. Based on a thorough review of the most recent scientific literature on this disease, a comprehensive conceptual framework has been designed, addressing the most up-to-date aspects of the diagnosis and treatment of HFrEF. This framework will serve as the foundation for the development of a structured action plan, aimed at providing more effective, efficient, and tailored care for the population served by the hospital. This work focuses on reviewing the clinical, pathophysiological, and therapeutic aspects of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction in the context of Costa Rica, with the goal of contributing to a better understanding of the disease and its current management in national clinical practice. It is intended for any healthcare personnel who will have contact with patients diagnosed with HFrEF.
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insuficiencia cardiaca con fracción de eyección reducidad, ICFEr, protocolo clínico, insuficiencia cardiaca