Inter-individual variability to two modes of resistance training in the blood pressure dipping response in males

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the inter-individual BP dipping variability of normotensive (NT) and hypertensive (HT) individuals completing two modalities of a single session of RTE. Methods: Volunteers were 41 males (NT n = 21, age = 19.7 ± 2.3 yr., weight = 72.5 ± 17.3 kg, height = 171.0 ± 5.0 cm, HT n = 22, age = 21.7 ± 4.6 yr., weight = 78.1 ± 11.0 kg, height = 174.0 ± 5.0 cm) who underwent a non-exercise control (CTRL), RTE low-repetitions high-sets (LRHS), and RTE high-repetitions low-sets (HRLS) conditions. The 24-h ambulatory monitoring recorded diurnal and nocturnal systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) BP. Factorial ANOVA compared SBP and DBP dipping responses in NT and HT individuals. Inter-individual responses were obtained by comparing diurnal and nocturnal BP differences. The technical error of measurement (TEM) and the smallest worthwhile change (SWC) were used to compute a BP threshold to identify responders and non-responders. Results: No significant group by measurement interaction was found on SBP (p = 0.301) and DBP (p = 0.574). Diurnal SBP was lower in the NT than in the HT groups (M = 117.4 ± 6.4 vs. 132.0 ± 8.2 mmHg, p ≤ 0.0001, η2 = 0.51). Diurnal DBP was lower in the NT than in the HT groups (M = 70.5 ± 6.2 vs. 77.7 ± 7.7 mmHg, p = 0.0001, η2 = 0.22). Nocturnal SBP was lower in the NT than in the HT groups (M = 106.6 ± 7.2 vs. 119.5 ± 8.3 mmHg, p ≤ 0.0001, η2 = 0.42). Nocturnal DBP was lower in the NT than in the HT groups (M = 60.4 ± 5.7 vs. 66.1 ± 8.2 mmHg, p = 0.014, η2 = 0.14). The dipping responders for SBP in the CTRL condition were 71.4% for NT and 70.0% for HT, in the HRLS condition were 66.7% for NT and 60.0% for HT, and in the LRHS condition were 57.1% for NT and 60.0% for HT. The dipping responders for DBP in the CTRL condition were 57.1% for NT and 60.0% for HT, in the HRLS condition were 61.9% for NT and 70.0% for HT, and in the LRHS condition were 71.4% for NT and 65.0% for HT. Conclusion: The inter-individual SBP dipping responders were similar between RTE modalities; however, for DBP, there were more HT responders than NT individuals completing a single session of HRLS RTE.