Matrimonio e ideología: la producción jurídica y económica de un contrato civil en Costa Rica, 1841-1888
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Abstract
Busca analizar el papel del contrato matrimonial en la reorganización de las relaciones de dominio político, ideológico y económico en el marco de la reforma liberal y la emergencia del capitalismo agrario (1841-1888). Los resultados se presentan en tres partes, con dos capítulos cada una. La primera parte tiene que ver con la institucionalización del matrimonio en una visión de larga data, y su relación con la reproducción social, en el marco de distintos modos de apropiación de excedentes, incluyendo encomienda y esclavitud (Capítulo II) y capitalismo agrario (Capítulo III). La segunda parte trabaja la relación entre la regularización del matrimonio y la definición y apropiación del trabajo de las mujeres, ya fueran casadas, viudas o solteras. En esa parte enfatizamos en el acceso al trabajo asalariado y la propiedad (Capítulo IV), así como la persecución de las mujeres vagas (Capítulo V), como condiciones que presionaban a las mujeres a casarse. Finalmente, la última parte está dedicada a profundizar en el contrato matrimonial. Esta aborda las normas formales e informales que distribuyeron riesgos, poderes, inmunidades y beneficios al interior de la relación matrimonial. Concretamente, se ocupa de las negociaciones y disputas entre novios (Capítulo VI) y parejas casadas (Capítulo VII), a través del estudio de solicitudes de dispensa matrimonial y expedientes de divorcio.
This thesis seeks to analyze the role of the marriage contract in rearranging political, ideological and economic power during the liberal reform and the emergence of agricultural capitalism in Costa Rica (1841-1888). The results of this endeavor are presented in three parts, each containing two chapters. The first part addresses the institutionalization of marriage and its links to social reproduction from a long-term perspective, within different modes of surplus appropriation including encomienda system and slavery (Chapter II) and agrarian capitalism (Chapter III). The second part deals with the regularization of marriage, plus the definition and appropriation of the work of women, be them married, widowed or single. In this part we emphasize women’s access -or lack thereof- to salaried jobs and property (Chapter IV), as well as the criminalization of women under vagrancy laws (Chapter V), as structural conditions that pressured them to get married. Finally, the third seeks to delve into the marriage contract. It deals with the formal and informal norms that distributed risks, powers, immunities, and benefits within the conjugal relation. There, we tackle the negotiations and disputes within engaged (Chapter VI) and married couples (Chapter VII), through the analysis of requests for marriage dispensation and divorce files.
This thesis seeks to analyze the role of the marriage contract in rearranging political, ideological and economic power during the liberal reform and the emergence of agricultural capitalism in Costa Rica (1841-1888). The results of this endeavor are presented in three parts, each containing two chapters. The first part addresses the institutionalization of marriage and its links to social reproduction from a long-term perspective, within different modes of surplus appropriation including encomienda system and slavery (Chapter II) and agrarian capitalism (Chapter III). The second part deals with the regularization of marriage, plus the definition and appropriation of the work of women, be them married, widowed or single. In this part we emphasize women’s access -or lack thereof- to salaried jobs and property (Chapter IV), as well as the criminalization of women under vagrancy laws (Chapter V), as structural conditions that pressured them to get married. Finally, the third seeks to delve into the marriage contract. It deals with the formal and informal norms that distributed risks, powers, immunities, and benefits within the conjugal relation. There, we tackle the negotiations and disputes within engaged (Chapter VI) and married couples (Chapter VII), through the analysis of requests for marriage dispensation and divorce files.
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Keywords
Matrimonio, Código Civil, Historia feminista, Matrimonio eclesiástico, Matrimonio Civil, Ideología, Liberalismo, historia