Satisfacción usuaria del programa prequirúrgico de cirugía ambulatoria, como una revisión integradora de la literatura
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Galbán Trejos, Alondra
Rodríguez Retana, Fabiola
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Introducción: Las cirugías ambulatorias en los últimos años han alcanzado un importante desarrollo por todos sus beneficios, sin embargo, se ha observado que los usuarios no reciben una adecuada formación para estos procedimientos, ya que el usuario se egresa el mismo día y el estrés y la ansiedad pueden interferir negativamente si no se obtiene la adecuada atención para su cuidado prequirúrgico como postquirúrgico, por lo que se crean los programas prequirúrgicos y surge la necesidad de comprobar si estos realmente generan mayor satisfacción usuaria. Objetivo: Explorar la evidencia científica disponible que reporte sobre la satisfacción usuaria del programa prequirúrgico de cirugías ambulatorias y sus beneficios en el posquirúrgico. Método: La metodología empleada correspondió a una revisión integrativa de la literatura en bases de datos como Embase, Proquest, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library y en la Universidad de Costa Rica, tomando en cuenta los criterios de inclusión siendo estos estudios cualitativos, cuantitativos y mixtos, revisiones integrativas, ensayos, textos y reportes. La muestra de análisis estuvo compuesta por 6 publicaciones indexadas en 4 bases de datos. El período de publicación abarcó desde el año 2012-2022, sin restricción de idioma, se identificó que hubo predominio de investigaciones realizadas en Estados Unidos, los autores principales fueron en su mayoría profesionales de Enfermería y Medicina por otra parte, en base a la información analizada del instrumento de recolección de datos utilizado muestra diferentes diseños metodológicos. Resultados: Se crearon y discutieron 2 grandes categorías acorde a la temática de la investigación, en la categoría 1 indicadores que logran satisfacción usuaria se desarrollaron 4 factores que logran esta satisfacción como educación, métodos alternativos para el dolor, desarrollo de un plan de cuidados compartido y evaluación de pacientes, en la categoría 2 de beneficios postquirúrgicos se analizaron diferentes elementos como disminución del estrés y la ansiedad, disminución de reingresos hospitalarios, autonomía y control de síntomas postoperatorios, recuperación rápida, menor seguimiento ambulatorio. Conclusiones: Los indicadores que logran la satisfacción usuaria y los beneficios postquirúrgicos del programa prequirúrgico de cirugías ambulatorias son diversos y esenciales ya que brindan al usuario una educación de calidad, atención personalizada, comunicación clara y efectiva en preparación y seguimiento pre y postquirúrgico siendo factores claves en la satisfacción general del usuario.
Introduction: Outpatient surgeries in the last few years have developed significantly due to all of its benefits, however, we have observed that the patients don´t receive enough training for these procedures, because the patient is released the same day and the stress and anxiety can interfere negatively if they do not receive adequate attention for their presurgical and postsurgical care, because of this there have been presurgical programs created and there is a need to know if these really improve the satisfaction of the patient. Objective: Explore the scientific evidence available that reports about the satisfaction of the patients that have participated in the presurgical program of outpatient surgeries and their benefits postsurgical. Method: The methodology corresponds to an integrative revision of the literature in sources of data such as Embase, Proquest, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library and in the University of Costa Rica, taking into account the criteria of inclusion being the qualitatively, quantitively, and mixed studies, integrative reviews, essays, texts and reports. The evidence sample was made up of 6 publications indexed in 4 data bases. The time period of the publications is during the years 2012-2022, without language restriction, it was found that the majority of the investigations were done in the United States, the main authors were mainly professionals in nursing and medicine, based on the analyzed information from the instruments of collection of data using different design methods. Results: Two large categories were created and discussed according to the theme of the investigation, in category 1 there were 4 factors that were indicated that lead to the satisfaction of the patient such as education, alternative pain methods, development of a plan to share care giving, and patient evaluation, in category 2 were different postsurgical benefits that were analyzed to decrease the stress and anxiety, decrease hospital readmissions, autonomy and control of postoperative symptoms, quick recovery, less follow up with the clinic. Conclusions: The indicators that show the patient´s satisfaction and postsurgical benefits of the presurgical program for outpatient surgeries are diverse and essential because they offer the patient a quality education, personalized attention, clear communication and prepares them effectively and follow up pre- and post-surgery being the key factors in the general satisfaction of the patient.
Introduction: Outpatient surgeries in the last few years have developed significantly due to all of its benefits, however, we have observed that the patients don´t receive enough training for these procedures, because the patient is released the same day and the stress and anxiety can interfere negatively if they do not receive adequate attention for their presurgical and postsurgical care, because of this there have been presurgical programs created and there is a need to know if these really improve the satisfaction of the patient. Objective: Explore the scientific evidence available that reports about the satisfaction of the patients that have participated in the presurgical program of outpatient surgeries and their benefits postsurgical. Method: The methodology corresponds to an integrative revision of the literature in sources of data such as Embase, Proquest, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library and in the University of Costa Rica, taking into account the criteria of inclusion being the qualitatively, quantitively, and mixed studies, integrative reviews, essays, texts and reports. The evidence sample was made up of 6 publications indexed in 4 data bases. The time period of the publications is during the years 2012-2022, without language restriction, it was found that the majority of the investigations were done in the United States, the main authors were mainly professionals in nursing and medicine, based on the analyzed information from the instruments of collection of data using different design methods. Results: Two large categories were created and discussed according to the theme of the investigation, in category 1 there were 4 factors that were indicated that lead to the satisfaction of the patient such as education, alternative pain methods, development of a plan to share care giving, and patient evaluation, in category 2 were different postsurgical benefits that were analyzed to decrease the stress and anxiety, decrease hospital readmissions, autonomy and control of postoperative symptoms, quick recovery, less follow up with the clinic. Conclusions: The indicators that show the patient´s satisfaction and postsurgical benefits of the presurgical program for outpatient surgeries are diverse and essential because they offer the patient a quality education, personalized attention, clear communication and prepares them effectively and follow up pre- and post-surgery being the key factors in the general satisfaction of the patient.
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satisfacción del paciente, educación en enfermería, procedimientos quirúrgicos ambulatorios, procedimientos prequirúrgicos, patient satisfaction, education nursing, ambulatory surgical procedures, nursing education
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