El frijol nativo de Matambú, Guanacaste, Costa Rica: una mirada sociocultural
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El objetivo fue realizar una valoración sociocultural sobre la producción, uso y consumo del frijol nativo (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) en el territorio indígena de Matambú, ubicado en los cantones de Nicoya y Hojancha, Guanacaste, Costa Rica. El trabajo se desarrolló de noviembre 2012 a diciembre 2014. Se realizaron 45 entrevistas semiestructuradas a agricultores de la comunidad,además de talleres, conversatorios y recorridos de campo. Se describen las prácticas de cultivo, cosecha y almacenamiento, variedades nativas utilizadas, selección y conservación de la semilla, y los usos socioculturales, así como el efecto de la tenencia de la tierra y el relevo generacional, sobre la producción de frijol nativo en Matambú. Se enumeran los retos que enfrentan los productores de frijol nativo de Matambú, y se enfatiza su importancia en la conservación de los recursos fitogenéticos y de las tradiciones culturales chorotegas.
The objective was to carry out a sociocultural assessment of the production, use and consumption of native bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the indigenous territory of Matambú, located in the Nicoya and Hojancha cantons, Guanacaste Province, Costa Rica. The work was carried out from November 2012 to December 2014. 45 semi-structured interviews were carried out with farmers from the community, in addition to workshops, conversations and field trips. Cultivation, harvest and storage practices, native varieties used, seed selection and conservation, and sociocultural uses, are described, as well as the effect of land tenure and generational change, on native bean production in Matambú. The challenges faced by native bean producers in Matambú are listed, and their importance in the conservation of plant genetic resources and Chorotega cultural traditions is emphasized.
The objective was to carry out a sociocultural assessment of the production, use and consumption of native bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the indigenous territory of Matambú, located in the Nicoya and Hojancha cantons, Guanacaste Province, Costa Rica. The work was carried out from November 2012 to December 2014. 45 semi-structured interviews were carried out with farmers from the community, in addition to workshops, conversations and field trips. Cultivation, harvest and storage practices, native varieties used, seed selection and conservation, and sociocultural uses, are described, as well as the effect of land tenure and generational change, on native bean production in Matambú. The challenges faced by native bean producers in Matambú are listed, and their importance in the conservation of plant genetic resources and Chorotega cultural traditions is emphasized.
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frijol común, semillas criollas, variedades nativas, conservación, Mesoamérica