Propuesta de Manejo Diagnóstico y Terapéutico de la Coagulopatía Inducida por Sepsis
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Xu Carranza, Daniel
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Abstract
La sepsis es un síndrome altamente incidente a nivel comunitario y en los centros
hospitalarios. A pesar de todos los avances tecnológicos en cuanto a diagnóstico, tratamiento
y monitoreo es responsable de una gran cantidad de fallecimientos anualmente. Debido a su
gran carga de morbimortalidad es necesario el análisis y la búsqueda de áreas de mejora.
La coagulopatía inducida por sepsis se ha reconocido como un fenómeno principal en el
desarrollo de su fisiopatología. En vista del contexto mundial y el papel de la sepsis en la
sociedad, así como del rol de las alteraciones coagulopáticas y su consistente asociación con
peores desenlaces clínicos se realizó una propuesta de abordaje diagnóstico y terapéutico
para la coagulopatía asociada con sepsis.
Para la realización del mismo, fue fundamental el análisis de las bases fisiológicas de la
coagulación e inmunidad, así como los mecanismos fisiopatológicos que permiten la
instauración de la sepsis y sus complicaciones. Además, se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva
a partir de los motores de búsqueda de Pubmed, Google Scholar, Scielo y bases de datos de
la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR) sobre ensayos diagnósticos y terapéuticos en el abordaje
de la coagulopatía asociada a sepsis. A continuacion se procedió al análisis y a la descripción
de dichos estudios, posteriormente se propuso el algoritmo diagnóstico y terapéutico como
herramienta clínica en la evaluación de pacientes con sepsis.
Sepsis is a highly incident syndrome at the community level and in hospitals. Despite all the technological advances in diagnosis, treatment and monitoring, it is responsible for a large number of deaths annually. Due to its high burden of morbidity and mortality, analysis and search for areas for improvement are necessary. Sepsis-induced coagulopathy has been recognized as a major phenomenon in the development of its pathophysiology. In view of the global context and the role of sepsis in society, as well as the role of coagulopathic alterations and their consistent association with worse clinical outcomes, a proposal for a diagnostic and therapeutic approach was made for coagulopathy associated with sepsis. To carry it out, the analysis of the physiological bases of coagulation and immunity was essential, as well as the pathophysiological mechanisms that allow the establishment of sepsis and its complications. In addition, an exhaustive search was carried out using the search engines Pubmed, Google Scholar, Scielo and Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR) databases on diagnostic and therapeutic trials in the approach to coagulopathy associated with sepsis. Next, the analysis and description of these studies was carried out and subsequently the diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm was proposed as a clinical tool in the evaluation of patients with sepsis.
Sepsis is a highly incident syndrome at the community level and in hospitals. Despite all the technological advances in diagnosis, treatment and monitoring, it is responsible for a large number of deaths annually. Due to its high burden of morbidity and mortality, analysis and search for areas for improvement are necessary. Sepsis-induced coagulopathy has been recognized as a major phenomenon in the development of its pathophysiology. In view of the global context and the role of sepsis in society, as well as the role of coagulopathic alterations and their consistent association with worse clinical outcomes, a proposal for a diagnostic and therapeutic approach was made for coagulopathy associated with sepsis. To carry it out, the analysis of the physiological bases of coagulation and immunity was essential, as well as the pathophysiological mechanisms that allow the establishment of sepsis and its complications. In addition, an exhaustive search was carried out using the search engines Pubmed, Google Scholar, Scielo and Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR) databases on diagnostic and therapeutic trials in the approach to coagulopathy associated with sepsis. Next, the analysis and description of these studies was carried out and subsequently the diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm was proposed as a clinical tool in the evaluation of patients with sepsis.
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Keywords
Coagulopatía Inducida por Sepsis, Coagulación intravascular diseminada, Sepsis, Shock séptico