Diagnóstico sobre el conocimiento fonético-fonológico de un grupo de personas terapeutas del lenguaje en Costa Rica
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Con el presente estudio se pretende aportar a los estudios de lingüística clínica en Costa Rica. Dada la información inexistente sobre el estado de los estudios de lingüística aplicada a la terapia del lenguaje, el objetivo general de la investigación consiste en determinar cuál es el conocimiento fonético-fonológico de un grupo de terapeutas del lenguaje en ejercicio en el sector público costarricense. Este es una investigación exploratoria, observacional, descriptiva y mixta. Se desarrolló mediante un muestreo por cuotas de acuerdo con la variable provincia; la muestra final fue de cuarenta y dos profesionales terapeutas del lenguaje a quienes se les aplicó un cuestionario diagnóstico. Los conceptos que se tomaron en cuenta para la creación del instrumento derivan de las bases mismas de la concepción sobre lo que es la lingüística, la fonética y la fonología. Asimismo, se retomaron aspectos de la sociolingüística, la psicolingüística y la pragmática. Para estudiar la importancia que tienen los saberes teóricos de la fonética y la fonología para llevar a cabo la labor de terapia del lenguaje, se analizaron las percepciones de las profesionales sobre el grado de aporte y cuán útiles y necesarios son estos saberes para su trabajo. Asimismo, se estudió la frecuencia autopercibida de actualización. Se determinó que, aunque la mayor parte la muestra considera estos saberes como de gran aporte para la terapia del lenguaje, útiles y necesarios, únicamente el 50 % autoevalúa positivamente su frecuencia de actualización en estos temas. Los datos sobre la importancia contrastan significativamente con la información sobre el reconocimiento conceptual y la aplicación concreta de los saberes. En el apartado de conocimiento existían veintinueve respuestas esperables; la media de respuestas esperables por terapeuta del lenguaje fue de catorce y solo diecinueve de las cuarenta y dos participantes (45,24 % de la muestra total) estuvieron por encima de la media. Se insta a apreciar los resultados de este estudio desde el punto de vista de la búsqueda de la mejora continua en ambas disciplinas y el inicio de los trabajos coordinados.
The present study aims to contribute to clinical linguistics studies in Costa Rica. Given the lack of information on the state of linguistics studies applied to language therapy, the general objective of the research is to determine the phonetic-phonological knowledge of a group of speech therapists practicing in the Costa Rican public sector. This is an exploratory, observational, descriptive and mixed research. It was carried out by means of quota sampling according to the variable province; the final sample consisted of forty-two professional language therapists to whom a diagnostic questionnaire was applied. The concepts taken into account for the creation of the instrument derive from the very bases of the conception of linguistics, phonetics and phonology. Aspects of sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics and pragmatics were also taken into account. In order to study the importance of theoretical knowledge of phonetics and phonology for carrying out the work of language therapy, the perceptions of the professionals on the degree of contribution and how useful and necessary this knowledge is for their work were analyzed. The self-perceived frequency of updating was also studied. It was determined that, although most of the sample considers this knowledge as a great contribution to language therapy, useful and necessary, only 50 % of them positively evaluate their self-perceived frequency of updating in these topics. The data on importance contrasts significantly with the information on conceptual recognition and concrete application of the knowledge. In the knowledge section there were twenty-nine expected responses; the average of expected responses per language therapist was fourteen and only nineteen of the forty-two participants (45.24 % of the total sample) were above the mean. It is urged to appreciate the results of this study from the point of view of the search for continuous improvement in both disciplines and the initiation of coordinated work.
The present study aims to contribute to clinical linguistics studies in Costa Rica. Given the lack of information on the state of linguistics studies applied to language therapy, the general objective of the research is to determine the phonetic-phonological knowledge of a group of speech therapists practicing in the Costa Rican public sector. This is an exploratory, observational, descriptive and mixed research. It was carried out by means of quota sampling according to the variable province; the final sample consisted of forty-two professional language therapists to whom a diagnostic questionnaire was applied. The concepts taken into account for the creation of the instrument derive from the very bases of the conception of linguistics, phonetics and phonology. Aspects of sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics and pragmatics were also taken into account. In order to study the importance of theoretical knowledge of phonetics and phonology for carrying out the work of language therapy, the perceptions of the professionals on the degree of contribution and how useful and necessary this knowledge is for their work were analyzed. The self-perceived frequency of updating was also studied. It was determined that, although most of the sample considers this knowledge as a great contribution to language therapy, useful and necessary, only 50 % of them positively evaluate their self-perceived frequency of updating in these topics. The data on importance contrasts significantly with the information on conceptual recognition and concrete application of the knowledge. In the knowledge section there were twenty-nine expected responses; the average of expected responses per language therapist was fourteen and only nineteen of the forty-two participants (45.24 % of the total sample) were above the mean. It is urged to appreciate the results of this study from the point of view of the search for continuous improvement in both disciplines and the initiation of coordinated work.
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lingüística clínica, terapia del lenguaje, fonética, fonología, clinical linguistics, phonetics, phonology, language therapy, speech therapy, conocimiento teórico, theoretical knowledge
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