Conocimiento y uso clínico de materiales dentales bioactivos en odontólogos generales y odontopediatras en Costa Rica: un estudio comparativo.
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Abstract
El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el nivel de conocimiento y el uso clínico de los materiales dentales bioactivos entre odontólogos generales y odontopediatras en Costa Rica, con el fin de identificar posibles diferencias y oportunidades de mejora en su implementación. La investigación se llevó a cabo mediante la aplicación de una encuesta autoadministrada en Google Forms, completada por 185 odontólogos generales y 55 odontopediatras. Las encuestas recopilaron datos demográficos, conocimiento y uso clínico de los materiales bioactivos. Los datos se analizaron mediante el uso de Microsoft Excel, SPSS versión 22.0 y R, empleando frecuencias absolutas y relativas, cruces de variables y pruebas de asociación. Se aplicaron el análisis de varianza (ANOVA), chi cuadrado, prueba de asociación de Kendal y de U Mann Whitney, se estableció el nivel de significancia estadística en p < 0.05 para todas las pruebas.
Los resultados mostraron que el 97,2 % de los odontopediatras reportó estar familiarizado con el término “bioactividad”, en comparación con el 78,9 % de los odontólogos generales, lo que evidenció una diferencia estadísticamente significativa. Además, los odontopediatras presentaron una autopercepción más favorable, con un 44,4 % que indicó un nivel de conocimiento alto o muy alto, frente al 22,3 % de los odontólogos generales. Entre estos últimos, el 49,2 % reportó utilizar materiales bioactivos en menos del 25 % de sus tratamientos, mientras que entre los odontopediatras esta proporción fue del 23,9 %. Por el contrario, un mayor porcentaje de odontopediatras (39,1 % y 30,4 %) indicó utilizarlos en el 25–75 % de los casos, en comparación con los odontólogos generales (28,7 % y 17,2 %, respectivamente). En general, los odontopediatras demostraron un mayor conocimiento y una utilización más frecuente de materiales bioactivos en comparación con los odontólogos generales.
The objective of this study was to determine the level of knowledge and clinical use of bioactive dental materials among general and pediatric dentists in Costa Rica, in order to identify potential differences and opportunities for improvement in their implementation. The research was conducted through a self-administered Google Forms survey completed by 185 general dentists and 55 pediatric dentists. The surveys collected demographic data, knowledge, and clinical use of bioactive materials. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel, SPSS version 22.0, and R. Absolute and relative frequencies, variable cross-tabulations, and association tests were performed. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), Chi-square test, Kendall’s association test, and Mann–Whitney U test, with the level of statistical significance set at p < 0.05 for all analyses. Results showed that 97.2% of pediatric dentists reported being familiar with the term “bioactivity,” compared with 78.9% of general dentists, indicating a statistically significant difference. Moreover, pediatric dentists demonstrated a more favorable self-perception, with 44.4% reporting a high or very high level of knowledge, compared to 22.3% of general dentists. Among general dentists, 49.2% reported using bioactive materials in less than 25% of their treatments, while this proportion was 23.9% among pediatric dentists. Conversely, a greater percentage of pediatric dentists (39.1% and 30.4%) reported using them in 25–75% of cases, compared with general dentists (28.7% and 17.2%, respectively). Overall, pediatric dentists demonstrated greater knowledge and more frequent use of bioactive materials compared to general dentists.
The objective of this study was to determine the level of knowledge and clinical use of bioactive dental materials among general and pediatric dentists in Costa Rica, in order to identify potential differences and opportunities for improvement in their implementation. The research was conducted through a self-administered Google Forms survey completed by 185 general dentists and 55 pediatric dentists. The surveys collected demographic data, knowledge, and clinical use of bioactive materials. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel, SPSS version 22.0, and R. Absolute and relative frequencies, variable cross-tabulations, and association tests were performed. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), Chi-square test, Kendall’s association test, and Mann–Whitney U test, with the level of statistical significance set at p < 0.05 for all analyses. Results showed that 97.2% of pediatric dentists reported being familiar with the term “bioactivity,” compared with 78.9% of general dentists, indicating a statistically significant difference. Moreover, pediatric dentists demonstrated a more favorable self-perception, with 44.4% reporting a high or very high level of knowledge, compared to 22.3% of general dentists. Among general dentists, 49.2% reported using bioactive materials in less than 25% of their treatments, while this proportion was 23.9% among pediatric dentists. Conversely, a greater percentage of pediatric dentists (39.1% and 30.4%) reported using them in 25–75% of cases, compared with general dentists (28.7% and 17.2%, respectively). Overall, pediatric dentists demonstrated greater knowledge and more frequent use of bioactive materials compared to general dentists.
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Odontología, Odontopediatría, Materiales dentales, Biomateriales, Conocimiento profesional, Práctica clínica, Costa Rica, Investigación descriptiva