Fotografías del sida: médicos y homosexuales en la prensa costarricense (1985-1990)
Fecha
2019
Tipo
artículo original
Autores
Jiménez Bolaños, José Daniel
Soto Rodríguez, Mario Andrés
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ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Resumen
El artículo propone realizar un análisis de las fotografías que se incluyeron en las noticias relacionadas al VIH/sida entre 1985-1990 en el periódico La Nación. Se elabora una contextualización
sobre el surgimiento del VIH/sida en el ámbito mundial y Costa Rica, en particular. Se parte de la
perspectiva teórica de Barthes acerca del análisis fotográfico y se establecen tres categorías para
abordar el material: el sida como desastre natural y avanzada militar, la representación del saber médico y las políticas de la vergüenza. Entre los principales resultados se destaca la problematización
del vínculo entre fotografía y texto para producir connotaciones específicas; el protagonismo masculino dentro del saber médico y una transformación de la estética de la homosexualidad, el paso de
un exotismo a un ocultamiento por vergüenza. Se concluye que la injuria, la vergüenza y su relación
con las representaciones visuales son ejes fundamentales que permiten abordar el tema del VIH/sida.
The article proposes an analysis of the photographs that were included in the news related to HIV / AIDS between 1985-1990 in the newspaper La Nación. A contextualization about the emergence of HIV / AIDS worldwide and in Costa Rica is made. The theoretical perspective of Barthes about photographic analysis is used, and three categories are established to address the material: AIDS as a natural disaster and a military vanguard, the representation of medical knowledge, and the politics of shame. Among the main results we can find the problematization of the link between photography and text to produce specific connotations; the masculine protagonism within the medical knowledge, and a transformation of the aesthetics of homosexuality, shifting from an exoticism to a concealment by shame. As a conclusion, insult and shame, and their relationship with visual representations, are fundamental axes that allow us to address the issue of HIV / AIDS.
The article proposes an analysis of the photographs that were included in the news related to HIV / AIDS between 1985-1990 in the newspaper La Nación. A contextualization about the emergence of HIV / AIDS worldwide and in Costa Rica is made. The theoretical perspective of Barthes about photographic analysis is used, and three categories are established to address the material: AIDS as a natural disaster and a military vanguard, the representation of medical knowledge, and the politics of shame. Among the main results we can find the problematization of the link between photography and text to produce specific connotations; the masculine protagonism within the medical knowledge, and a transformation of the aesthetics of homosexuality, shifting from an exoticism to a concealment by shame. As a conclusion, insult and shame, and their relationship with visual representations, are fundamental axes that allow us to address the issue of HIV / AIDS.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Fotografía, Imagen, Sida, VIH, Costa Rica, Photography, Image, AIDS, HIV