Buscando respuestas ante la muerte y el “más allá”: Análisis del espiritismo y sus formas asociativas en Costa Rica (1896-1928)
Fecha
2023
Tipo
tesis de maestría
Autores
Barquero Morice, Pablo José
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Resumen
La presente investigación bajo el título: “Buscando respuestas ante la muerte y el “más allá”: Análisis del espiritismo y sus formas asociativas en Costa Rica (1896-1928)” desea analizar la presencia del espiritismo en la sociedad costarricense de finales de siglo XIX y principios de siglo XX desde sus formas asociativas, como una respuesta a las interrogantes de la muerte y el “más allá” existentes en la época de estudio. Usando una metodología cualitativa, centrándose en dos tipos de fuentes: escritas (revistas espiritistas y periódicos de la época) y visuales (fotografías de sesiones espiritistas costarricenses), se investigó desde los conceptos sociabilidad y el “culto al recuerdo”.
Entre los principales resultados obtenidos se encuentran: A) la llegada del espiritismo a Costa Rica entre 1862 a 1899 por medio de algunos espectáculos teatrales en los cuales se daban actos espiritistas; este detalle da pie para que entre 1880 y 1890, aparezcan los primeros centros espiritistas costarricenses. B) la división marcada en 3 periodos de tiempo del espiritismo costarricenses: 1) Fundacional (1894-1899), 2) Brillo y espectáculo (1900-1921) y 3) Estabilidad (1921-1928), teniendo como figuras principales de cada etapa a José Rojas Sequeira para la primera, Ofelia Corrales Jiménez y Alberto Córdoba, para la segunda y para la tercera, quien se vuelve la persona más importante del espiritismo costarricense: Ramiro Aguilar Villanave y C) Los centros espiritistas costarricenses se clasificaban en 2 tipos: doctrinarios y prácticos; el de tipo doctrinario se asociaba con el culto al recuerdo, el centro espiritista práctico seguía la línea del espectáculo como ocurría en las primeras etapas, ambos centrándose en las figuras de las personas médiums que dirigían cada sesión espiritista.
The present investigation under the title: “Seeking answers to death and the “beyond”: Analysis of spiritualism and its associative forms in Costa Rica (1896-1928)” seeks to analyze the presence of spiritualism in Costa Rican society at the end of the century. 19th and early 20th centuries from its associative forms as a response to the questions of death and the “beyond” existing at the time of study. Using a qualitative methodology, focusing on two types of sources: written (spiritualist magazines and newspapers of the time) and visual (photographs of Costa Rican spiritualist sessions), the concepts of sociability and the “cult of memory” were investigated. Among the main results obtained are: A) the arrival of spiritism to Costa Rica between 1862 to 1899 through some theatrical shows in which spiritist acts took place; This detail led to the appearance of the first Costa Rican spiritualist centers between 1880 and 1890. B) the division marked into 3 time periods of Costa Rican spiritualism: 1) Founding (1894-1899), 2) Brilliance and spectacle (1900-1921) and 3) Stability (1921-1928), having as main figures of each stage to José Rojas Sequeira for the first, Ofelia Corrales Jiménez and Alberto Córdoba, for the second and for the third, who becomes the most important person in Costa Rican spiritualism: Ramiro Aguilar Villanave and C) The Costa Rican spiritualist centers were classified into 2 types: doctrinal and practical; The doctrinal type was associated with the cult of memory, the practical spiritualist center followed the line of the spectacle as occurred in the early stages, both focusing on the figures of the mediums who directed each spiritualist session.
The present investigation under the title: “Seeking answers to death and the “beyond”: Analysis of spiritualism and its associative forms in Costa Rica (1896-1928)” seeks to analyze the presence of spiritualism in Costa Rican society at the end of the century. 19th and early 20th centuries from its associative forms as a response to the questions of death and the “beyond” existing at the time of study. Using a qualitative methodology, focusing on two types of sources: written (spiritualist magazines and newspapers of the time) and visual (photographs of Costa Rican spiritualist sessions), the concepts of sociability and the “cult of memory” were investigated. Among the main results obtained are: A) the arrival of spiritism to Costa Rica between 1862 to 1899 through some theatrical shows in which spiritist acts took place; This detail led to the appearance of the first Costa Rican spiritualist centers between 1880 and 1890. B) the division marked into 3 time periods of Costa Rican spiritualism: 1) Founding (1894-1899), 2) Brilliance and spectacle (1900-1921) and 3) Stability (1921-1928), having as main figures of each stage to José Rojas Sequeira for the first, Ofelia Corrales Jiménez and Alberto Córdoba, for the second and for the third, who becomes the most important person in Costa Rican spiritualism: Ramiro Aguilar Villanave and C) The Costa Rican spiritualist centers were classified into 2 types: doctrinal and practical; The doctrinal type was associated with the cult of memory, the practical spiritualist center followed the line of the spectacle as occurred in the early stages, both focusing on the figures of the mediums who directed each spiritualist session.
Descripción
Palabras clave
COSTA RICA, ESPIRITISMO, SOCIABILIDAD, MUERTE, ESPECTÁCULO, MÉDIUMS