Petróleo y resistencia en Centroamérica. El caso de "Acción de lucha antipetrolera (ADELA)" en el Caribe sur de Costa Rica (1999-2002)
Fecha
2016
Tipo
artículo original
Autores
Rodríguez Echavarría, Tania
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Resumen
Si bien Centroamérica no es reconocida internacionalmente como una región de explotación petrolera, en los últimos 20 años numerosas empresas transnacionales han estado implementando proyectos de exploración y explotación petrolera. Uno de estos casos, es la concesión petrolera otorgada por el gobierno se Costa Rica en la década de los años noventa a la empresa Harken Holdings para que extraiga petróleo en el Caribe Sur. Esta concesión generó un importante conflicto socio-ambiental en donde nació un movimiento denominado Acción de Lucha Anti-petrolera (ADELA). ADELA es un movimiento heterogéneo que articula una gran diversidad de actores locales y nacionales y que se caracteriza por implementar repertorios de acción innovadores. La campaña de ADELA no sólo fue exitosa sino que representa un hito histórico en la región. Este artículo
analiza el papel jugado por ADELA, su conformación y los repertorios de acción utilizados.
While it is true that Central America is not internationally recognized as an oil exploitation region, during the last 20 years several transnational corporations have been implementing projects of petroleum exploration and exploitation. One of these cases is the concession given by the Costa Rican government during the nineties decade to the Harken Holdings company for the extraction of petroleum in the South Caribbean. This concession generates an important socio-environmental conflict, which gives birth to a movement called “Acción de Lucha Anti-petrolera” (ADELA); an heterogeneous movement that articulates a great diversity of local and national actors, and distinguishes itself by the use of innovative repertoires of contention. ADELA’s campaign was not only successful but also represents a key milestone in the region. This article analyses the role played by Adela, its conformation and the repertoires of contention that were used.
While it is true that Central America is not internationally recognized as an oil exploitation region, during the last 20 years several transnational corporations have been implementing projects of petroleum exploration and exploitation. One of these cases is the concession given by the Costa Rican government during the nineties decade to the Harken Holdings company for the extraction of petroleum in the South Caribbean. This concession generates an important socio-environmental conflict, which gives birth to a movement called “Acción de Lucha Anti-petrolera” (ADELA); an heterogeneous movement that articulates a great diversity of local and national actors, and distinguishes itself by the use of innovative repertoires of contention. ADELA’s campaign was not only successful but also represents a key milestone in the region. This article analyses the role played by Adela, its conformation and the repertoires of contention that were used.
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Palabras clave
Acción de lucha antipetrolera (ADELA), Petróleo, Costa Rica, Política