Identificación de líneas S1 de maíz (Zea mays L.) tolerantes a la pudrición de la mazorca para la formación de variedades sintéticas. Costa Rica. 1988
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Fecha
1992
Tipo
artículo original
Autores
Sánchez, Gonzalo
Jiménez Miranda, Kenneth
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Universidad de Costa Rica
Resumen
Doscientas líneas S1 de la población de maiz RPM x Tuxpeño C17 y doscientas líneas de la población Diamantes 8043 tolerantes a la pudrición de la mazorca fueron evaluadas en un diseño látice simple 20 x 20, en dos localidades: Estación Experimental Fabio Baudrit, Alajuela y Estación Experimental Los Diamantes, Guápiles. Las fechas de siembra y cosecha fueron 14 de junio y 4 de noviembre; 21 de julio y 4 de noviembre, para cada localidad respectivamente. Como resultado de esta investigación se formaron dos variedades sintéticas, una formada por las 7 mejores líneas de la población RPM x Tuxpeño C17, la cual mostró un promedio de 4715 kg/ha y 5,5% de pudrición de mazorca. La segunda variedad sintética correspondiente a la población Diamantes 8043 se formó con base en las 8 mejores líneas, los cuales mostraron un rendimiento promedio de 4840 kg/ha y una pudrición de mazorca de 9,8%. Se obtuvieron ‘diferenciales de selección’ altos para rendimiento y pudrición de mazorca en las dos poblaciones estudiadas, lo que permitió hacer la selección de líneas tolerantes y posterior formación de las variedades sintéticas. Las mazorcas no inoculadas mostraron porcentajes de pudrición similar a las mazorcas inoculadas lo que hace suponer que el inóculo natural existente fue suficiente para el desarrollo y evaluación de la enfermedad.
Two hundred S1 lines from the RPM x Tuxpeño C-17 corn population and two hundred lines from the ear-rot tolerant Diamantes 8043 population were evaluated at two localities: The Fabio Baudrit Experiment Station in Alajuela and Los Diamantes Experiment Station in Limon, Costa Rica. The planting and harvesting dates, for each locality, were: June 14th and November 4th, July 21th and November 4th, repectively. A simple lattice 20 x 20 experimental design was used. Corn ears affected by Diploidia maydis and Fusarium moniliforme were collected. The inoculum was isolated and reproduced in the laboratory and, ten days after blooming, it was inoculated to half of the plants of each row in both replications, by introducing the needle of a syringe into the stigmas. Two synthetic varieties were developed from this trial, based on the seven and eight best lines of the RPM x Tuxpeño C17 and Diamantes 8043 populations. They showed an average yield and ear rot percentage of 4715 kg/ha and 5.5%, and 4840 kg/ha and 9.8%, respectively. There were high ‘selection differentials’ for yield and ear rot for the two studied populations, which allowed the selection of tolerant lines and later on, to produce the synthetic varieties. The non-inoculated ears showed rot percentages similar to the inoculated ears, which leads to suppose that the amount of the naturally existing inoculum was enough for the development and evaluation of the disease.
Two hundred S1 lines from the RPM x Tuxpeño C-17 corn population and two hundred lines from the ear-rot tolerant Diamantes 8043 population were evaluated at two localities: The Fabio Baudrit Experiment Station in Alajuela and Los Diamantes Experiment Station in Limon, Costa Rica. The planting and harvesting dates, for each locality, were: June 14th and November 4th, July 21th and November 4th, repectively. A simple lattice 20 x 20 experimental design was used. Corn ears affected by Diploidia maydis and Fusarium moniliforme were collected. The inoculum was isolated and reproduced in the laboratory and, ten days after blooming, it was inoculated to half of the plants of each row in both replications, by introducing the needle of a syringe into the stigmas. Two synthetic varieties were developed from this trial, based on the seven and eight best lines of the RPM x Tuxpeño C17 and Diamantes 8043 populations. They showed an average yield and ear rot percentage of 4715 kg/ha and 5.5%, and 4840 kg/ha and 9.8%, respectively. There were high ‘selection differentials’ for yield and ear rot for the two studied populations, which allowed the selection of tolerant lines and later on, to produce the synthetic varieties. The non-inoculated ears showed rot percentages similar to the inoculated ears, which leads to suppose that the amount of the naturally existing inoculum was enough for the development and evaluation of the disease.