Estudio preliminar del potencial bioactivo de la Annona cherimola (anona) y Prunus domestica (ciruelo) cultivadas en Costa Rica
Date
Authors
Navarro Hoyos, Mirtha
Moreira González, Ileana
Arnáez Serrano, Elizabeth
Murillo Masís, Renato
Quesada Mora, Silvia
Zamora Ramírez, William J.
Cordero Hernández, Meliza
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Abstract
Los efectos beneficiosos de principios activos como
alcaloides, triterpenos y más recientemente de
los polifenoles en la nutrición y la salud han
incrementado a nivel internacional el consumo
de productos naturales reconocidos como
fuentes de los mismos, así como la importancia
de su caracterización estructural en cuanto a la
correlación con su bioactividad. Las especies
Annona cherimola (anona) y Prunus domestica
(ciruelo), cultivadas en Costa Rica, fueron objeto
de la presente investigación por el conocimiento
de sus usos tradicionales relacionados con el
posible efecto antioxidante. Dado que estudios
foráneos han demostrado los efectos beneficiosos
de los polifenoles, en relación con enfermedades
cardiovasculares, actividad antiinflamatoria,
anticancerígena, neuroprotectiva, antimicrobiana, y, al
atribuírseles efectos antioxidantes, protectores del
organismo contra especies reactivas de oxígeno, se
han venido utilizando como ingredientes funcionales
en suplementos nutricionales.
Se ubicaron plantas de ambas especies,
recolectándose los frutos que luego de su debido
procesamiento fueron analizados en laboratorio
en cuanto a su contenido de polifenoles y a
su bioactividad. Asimismo se extrajeron estacas
de las plantas para reproducción vegetativa
tradicional y se sembraron en las comunidades de
Cabuyal de San Pedro de Poás, Alajuela (Damas
Verdes) y Llano Bonito de León Cortés, San José
(PROAL) donde se trabajó con grupos de mujeres
organizadas que elaboran productos artesanales
como champú, cremas y aceites, contribuyendo con
ellas en el adiestramiento con las buenas prácticas
en laboratorio y la importancia del cuido del
germoplasma.
The nutritional and health benefits of bioactive metabolites such as alkaloids, triterpenes and more recently of polyphenols have increased at international level the intake of natural products that constitute potential sources of such compounds as well as the importance of structural characterization in correlation with their bioactivity. The present research involved the study of fruit species Annona cherimola (cherimola) and Prunus domestica (plum) cultivated in Costa Rica due to their traditional use related to their antioxidant potential and also based on results of international studies that demonstrated the health benefits of polyphenols in relation to cardiovascular diseases, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, neuroprotective and antimicrobial activity as well as the fact that due to the antioxidant effects against oxygen reactive species, these fruits have been included as functional ingredients in nutritional supplements. Plants from both species were located, fruits were collected and after due processing laboratory analysis was undertaken on polyphenol contents and bioactivity. Cuttings were extracted for vegetative reproduction and were planted in Cabuyal of San Pedro at Poas, Alajuela (Green Ladies) and Llano Bonito at León Cortés, San Jose (PROAL), where collaborative work was performed with organized groups of women located in these communities, who elaborate artisan cosmetic products such as shampoos, creams and ointments with medicinal plants ingredients; contributing to their capacity building through training in the importance of germplasm conservation as well as in good production practices.
The nutritional and health benefits of bioactive metabolites such as alkaloids, triterpenes and more recently of polyphenols have increased at international level the intake of natural products that constitute potential sources of such compounds as well as the importance of structural characterization in correlation with their bioactivity. The present research involved the study of fruit species Annona cherimola (cherimola) and Prunus domestica (plum) cultivated in Costa Rica due to their traditional use related to their antioxidant potential and also based on results of international studies that demonstrated the health benefits of polyphenols in relation to cardiovascular diseases, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, neuroprotective and antimicrobial activity as well as the fact that due to the antioxidant effects against oxygen reactive species, these fruits have been included as functional ingredients in nutritional supplements. Plants from both species were located, fruits were collected and after due processing laboratory analysis was undertaken on polyphenol contents and bioactivity. Cuttings were extracted for vegetative reproduction and were planted in Cabuyal of San Pedro at Poas, Alajuela (Green Ladies) and Llano Bonito at León Cortés, San Jose (PROAL), where collaborative work was performed with organized groups of women located in these communities, who elaborate artisan cosmetic products such as shampoos, creams and ointments with medicinal plants ingredients; contributing to their capacity building through training in the importance of germplasm conservation as well as in good production practices.
Description
Keywords
Potencial bioactivo, Polifenoles, Antioxidantes, Annona cherimola, Prunus domestica