Respuesta de los pastos Panicum maximum, Brachiaria brizantha y B. decumbens a herbicidas posemergentes con acción graminicida
Archivos
Fecha
2005
Tipo
artículo original
Autores
Herrera Murillo, Franklin
Hernández Chaves, Moisés
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Editor
Universidad de Costa Rica
Resumen
En la Estación Experimental Los Diamantes, Pococí, Costa Rica, y en condiciones de invernadero se evaluó la selectividad de herbicidas aplicados en posemergencia temprana (estado de tres a cinco hojas) y posemergencia tardía (estado de inicio de macollamiento) en los pastos Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania, Brachiaria brizantha cv. Diamantes 1 y B. decumbens cv. Pasto Peludo. Los tratamientos evaluados y su respectiva dosis en kg i.a./ha fueron: bispiribac sodio (0,020), cihalofop (0,100), fenoxaprop (0,034), ácido metilarsónico (2,160), quinclorac (0,250), clethodim (0,060) e imazamox (0,040). Se evaluó el porcentaje de daño a los pastos a la primera, tercera y quinta semanas después de aplicados los tratamientos y la biomasa en base seca al final de la evaluación. Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania mostró la mejor tolerancia y rendimientos de biomasa, en ambos estados de desarrollo, a los herbicidas bispiribac sodio y quinclorac, sin diferencias con el testigo. B. brizantha cv. Diamantes y B. decumbens cv. Pasto Peludo mostraron tolerancia al herbicida imazamox en estado de tres a cinco hojas pero sólo B. brizantha mostró tolerancia a este herbicida en estado de inicio de macollamiento.
Three experiments were conduced in Los Diamantes Experimental Station to evaluate, the selectivity of herbicides applied in early post-emergence (three to five leaves) and late post-emergence (beginning of tillering) on the grasses Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania, Brachiaria brizantha cv. Diamantes 1 and B. decumbens cv. Pasto Peludo. The treatments evaluated and their respective dose in kg i.a./ha was: bispyribac sodium (0.020), cyhalofop (0.100), fenoxaprop (0.034), MSMA (2.160), quinclorac (0.250), clethodim (0.060) and imazamox (0.040). The percentage of damage to the foliage of the grasses was evaluated at the first, third and fifth week after application of treatments. Biomass in dry weight was measured at the end of the evaluation. Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania showed highest tolerance and biomass production at both development stages, to the herbicides bispiribac-sodium and quinclorac, without significant differences with the control. B. brizantha cv. Diamantes and B. decumbens cv. Pasto Peludo showed tolerance to the herbicide imazamox at phonological stages corresponding to three to five leaves but B. brizantha only showed tolerance to this herbicide at the beginning of tillering.
Three experiments were conduced in Los Diamantes Experimental Station to evaluate, the selectivity of herbicides applied in early post-emergence (three to five leaves) and late post-emergence (beginning of tillering) on the grasses Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania, Brachiaria brizantha cv. Diamantes 1 and B. decumbens cv. Pasto Peludo. The treatments evaluated and their respective dose in kg i.a./ha was: bispyribac sodium (0.020), cyhalofop (0.100), fenoxaprop (0.034), MSMA (2.160), quinclorac (0.250), clethodim (0.060) and imazamox (0.040). The percentage of damage to the foliage of the grasses was evaluated at the first, third and fifth week after application of treatments. Biomass in dry weight was measured at the end of the evaluation. Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania showed highest tolerance and biomass production at both development stages, to the herbicides bispiribac-sodium and quinclorac, without significant differences with the control. B. brizantha cv. Diamantes and B. decumbens cv. Pasto Peludo showed tolerance to the herbicide imazamox at phonological stages corresponding to three to five leaves but B. brizantha only showed tolerance to this herbicide at the beginning of tillering.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Panicum maximum, Brachiaria brizantha, B. Decumbens, herbicidas graminicidas, selectividad, Panicum maximum, Brachiaria brizantha, B. Decumbens, post-emergence herbicides, selectivity