Percepción de enfermería sobre los obstáculos en las relaciones interpersonales entre enfermero (a) y persona en el preoperatorio en hospitales nacionales de Costa Rica
Fecha
2022-10
Tipo
tesis de maestría
Autores
González Ugarte, Roberto
Morales Monge, Daissy
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Resumen
El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la percepción de enfermería sobre los
obstáculos en las relaciones interpersonales entre enfermero(a) y persona en el preoperatorio
en un hospital público en San José. Metodología: estudio de tipo cualitativo, descriptivo,
estudio sistemático de la experiencia cotidiana y enfatizando en la subjetividad, se buscó
conocer la realidad a través de la experiencia de 14 profesionales en enfermería que
cumplieron los criterios de inclusión, se recolectó la información mediante una entrevista
abierta. La necesidad de estudiar las este fenómeno durante el periodo perioperatorio surge
debido a que según la teoría de las relaciones interpersonales se establece un vínculo
terapéutico de un individuo con el enfermero lo que ayuda a satisfacer las necesidades
presentadas y brindar cuidados oportunos, este proceso se divide en etapas iniciando por la
fase de orientación esta parte con la percepción de una necesidad que precisa ayuda, y
posteriormente continua con las etapas de identificación, explotación donde se guía para
desarrollar mecanismos efectivos para llegar a la resolución. Se concluye que los obstáculos
percibidos al establecer una relación interpersonal Enfermero/persona durante la fase de
orientación se relacionan a la comunicación no asertiva, falta de escucha, la superficialidad,
el idioma que dificultan desde el primer contacto lo que condiciona el resto de la interacción,
en la fase de identificación las barreras están relacionadas a la condición emocional del usuario
además de una crítica a la formación de los profesionales en cuanto habilidades de
comunicación, así como su falta de interés en involucrarse durante la atención del usuario. En
la fase de aprovechamiento las dinámicas del servicio y el volumen de trabajo se convierten
en el obstáculo principal, en la fase la resolución no se obtienen datos ya que los entrevistados
mencionan no llegar a esta etapa en sus intervenciones
The objective of this research is to analyze the perception of nursing on the obstacles in interpersonal relationships between patient and person in the preoperative period in a public hospital in San José. Methodology: qualitative, descriptive study, systematic study of daily experience and emphasizing subjectivity, we sought to know the reality through the experience of 14 nursing professionals who met the inclusion criteria, information was collected through an interview open. The need to study this phenomenon during the perioperative period arises because, according to the theory of interpersonal relationships, a therapeutic bond is established between an individual and the patient, which helps to satisfy the needs presented and provide timely care, this process is divided in stages, starting with the orientation phase, this part with the perception of a need that requires help, and later continues with the stages of identification, exploitation where it is guided to develop effective mechanisms to reach a resolution. It is concluded that the obstacles perceived when establishing an interpersonal relationship Nurse/person during the orientation phase are related to non-assertive communication, lack of listening, superficiality, language that make it difficult from the first contact, which conditions the rest of the interaction, in the identification phase of the barriers are related to the emotional condition of the user as well as a criticism of the training of professionals in how many communication skills, as well as their lack of interest in getting involved during the care of the user. In the phase of taking advantage of the dynamics of the service and the volume of work will be adapted in the main obstacle, in the resolution phase no data was obtained since the interviewees mentioned not reaching this stage in their interventions.
The objective of this research is to analyze the perception of nursing on the obstacles in interpersonal relationships between patient and person in the preoperative period in a public hospital in San José. Methodology: qualitative, descriptive study, systematic study of daily experience and emphasizing subjectivity, we sought to know the reality through the experience of 14 nursing professionals who met the inclusion criteria, information was collected through an interview open. The need to study this phenomenon during the perioperative period arises because, according to the theory of interpersonal relationships, a therapeutic bond is established between an individual and the patient, which helps to satisfy the needs presented and provide timely care, this process is divided in stages, starting with the orientation phase, this part with the perception of a need that requires help, and later continues with the stages of identification, exploitation where it is guided to develop effective mechanisms to reach a resolution. It is concluded that the obstacles perceived when establishing an interpersonal relationship Nurse/person during the orientation phase are related to non-assertive communication, lack of listening, superficiality, language that make it difficult from the first contact, which conditions the rest of the interaction, in the identification phase of the barriers are related to the emotional condition of the user as well as a criticism of the training of professionals in how many communication skills, as well as their lack of interest in getting involved during the care of the user. In the phase of taking advantage of the dynamics of the service and the volume of work will be adapted in the main obstacle, in the resolution phase no data was obtained since the interviewees mentioned not reaching this stage in their interventions.
Descripción
Palabras clave
PERSONAL PARAMÉDICO, HOSPITAL, PACIENTE, periodo perioperatorio, RELACIONES INTERPERSONALES, vínculo terapéutico, COMUNICACIÓN