Respuestas guiadas por el experto: Validación de las inferencias basadas en los procesos de respuesta
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Fecha
2018-09-01
Tipo
artículo original
Autores
Brizuela Rodríguez, Armel
Pérez Rojas, Nelson
Rojas Rojas, Guaner David
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ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
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Resumen
En este artículo se presenta un estudio cuantitativo cuyo objetivo fue poner a prueba un nuevo método para recabar evidencias sobre los procesos de respuesta utilizados por los examinados en pruebas educativas. Como antecedente fundamental, el estudio parte de la necesidad de contar con métodos sistemáticos para mejorar la calidad de los instrumentos que se utilizan en la evaluación educativa. Se comparó el método tradicional, de los reportes verbales, con el método de la Respuesta Guiada por el Experto con respecto a su idoneidad para recabar evidencias sobre la interpretación de las puntuaciones en una prueba educativa. Para esto, se seleccionó una muestra a conveniencia de 17 estudiantes de primer ingreso de la Universidad de Costa Rica y se le aplicó una entrevista semiestructurada a cada uno, en las cuales debían resolver ítems de razonamiento en voz alta empleando el método tradicional de reportes verbales o el método de la Respuesta Guiada por el Experto. Las entrevistas fueron codificadas por un grupo de expertos y se calculó un coeficente de acuerdo entre ellos. Con el método tradicional se obtuvo un coeficiente kappa de Fleiss de 0.22, mientras que, con el método de la Respuesta Guiada por el Experto, este fue de 0.40. Se concluye con las ventajas de utilizar este método para desarrollar instrumentos de evaluación educativa que representen adecuadamente las habilidades, destrezas, competencias y conocimientos de los estudiantes.
This article presents a quantitative study whose objective was to test a new method to collect evidence about the response processes used by examinees in educational tests. As a fundamental precedent, the study starts from the need to have systematic methods to improve the quality of the instruments used in educational assessment. A traditional method of verbal reports was compared to the Expert-guided Responses method regarding its suitability to gather evidence for scores interpretation in an educational test. For this purpose, a convenience sample of 17 first-year students from the University of Costa Rica was selected and a semistructured interview was applied to each, in which they had to solve reasoning items aloud using the traditional method of verbal reports, or the Expert-guided Responses method. The interviews were coded by a group of raters, and a coefficient of agreement between them was calculated. With the traditional method, a Fleiss kappa coefficient of 0.22 was obtained, whereas with the Expert-guided Responses method it was 0.40. The article concludes with the advantages of using the new method to develop educational assessment tools that adequately represent the students’ abilities, skills, proficiencies, and knowledge.
This article presents a quantitative study whose objective was to test a new method to collect evidence about the response processes used by examinees in educational tests. As a fundamental precedent, the study starts from the need to have systematic methods to improve the quality of the instruments used in educational assessment. A traditional method of verbal reports was compared to the Expert-guided Responses method regarding its suitability to gather evidence for scores interpretation in an educational test. For this purpose, a convenience sample of 17 first-year students from the University of Costa Rica was selected and a semistructured interview was applied to each, in which they had to solve reasoning items aloud using the traditional method of verbal reports, or the Expert-guided Responses method. The interviews were coded by a group of raters, and a coefficient of agreement between them was calculated. With the traditional method, a Fleiss kappa coefficient of 0.22 was obtained, whereas with the Expert-guided Responses method it was 0.40. The article concludes with the advantages of using the new method to develop educational assessment tools that adequately represent the students’ abilities, skills, proficiencies, and knowledge.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Evaluación educativa, Estrategias de resolución, Reportes verbales, Acuerdo entre jueces, Educational assessment, Solving strategies, Verbal reports, Inter-rater agreement, Educación