El criollo limonense: evidencia de su vitalidad dentro y fuera de la provincia de Limón
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En este artículo se analiza la medida en que la lengua criolla limonense se ha mantenido viva por parte de la población afrolimonense tanto en la provincia de Limón como en el Gran Área Metropolitana (GAM), donde muchos han migrado en los últimos 20 años en busca de mejores oportunidades educativas y laborales. El criollo limonense es una lengua minoritaria, la cual se transmite y se mantiene de forma oral. En Limón se usa de forma natural en contextos íntimos como la familia, en actividades religiosas, culturales y entre grupos de amigos, como forma principal de socialización, al lado del español, aunque es utilizada principalmente por personas adultas y adultas mayores, pero no así entre la población joven e infantil, debido a que no ha sido valorada dentro de la misma comunidad afro limonense. En este estudio se reportan las percepciones que tiene la población afrolimonense en Limón sobre esta lengua y se comparan estas percepciones con las que aportan personas afrolimonenses, que han migrado a un nuevo contexto sociocultural donde la lengua dominante es el español. En ambos casos, estas personas manifiestan una gran estima por el criollo limonense, a pesar de su debilitamiento en años recientes y a pesar de que el español es la lengua dominante para la gran mayoría; muestran interés en que se mantenga y se transmita a las generaciones más jóvenes, pues la consideran parte esencial de su identidad y una forma de mantener un vínculo con su herencia afro.
In this article we analyze the extent to which the Limonense Creole language has been kept alive by the Afro-Limonense population both in the province of Limon and in the Greater Metropolitan Area (GAM) where many have migrated in the last 20 years in search of better educational and employment opportunities. Limonese Creole is a minority language, which is orally transmitted and maintained. In Limon, it is used naturally in intimate contexts such as the family, in religious and cultural activities, and among groups of friends, as the main form of socialization, along with Spanish. It is used mainly by adults and older adults, but not among the young and child population because it has not been valued within the Afro-Limonense community itself. This study reports the perceptions that the Afro Limenese population in Limon has about this language and compares these perceptions with those provided by Afro Limonese people who have migrated to a new sociocultural context where the dominant language is Spanish. In both cases, these people show great esteem for Limonese Creole, despite its weakening in recent years and despite the fact that Spanish is the dominant language for the vast majority; they show interest in maintaining and transmitting it to younger generations, as they consider it an essential part of their identity and a way to maintain a link with their Afro heritage.
In this article we analyze the extent to which the Limonense Creole language has been kept alive by the Afro-Limonense population both in the province of Limon and in the Greater Metropolitan Area (GAM) where many have migrated in the last 20 years in search of better educational and employment opportunities. Limonese Creole is a minority language, which is orally transmitted and maintained. In Limon, it is used naturally in intimate contexts such as the family, in religious and cultural activities, and among groups of friends, as the main form of socialization, along with Spanish. It is used mainly by adults and older adults, but not among the young and child population because it has not been valued within the Afro-Limonense community itself. This study reports the perceptions that the Afro Limenese population in Limon has about this language and compares these perceptions with those provided by Afro Limonese people who have migrated to a new sociocultural context where the dominant language is Spanish. In both cases, these people show great esteem for Limonese Creole, despite its weakening in recent years and despite the fact that Spanish is the dominant language for the vast majority; they show interest in maintaining and transmitting it to younger generations, as they consider it an essential part of their identity and a way to maintain a link with their Afro heritage.
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lenguas minoritarias, identidad lingüística, criollo limonense, Gran Área Metropolitana, minority languages, linguistic identity, Limonense Creole, Greater Metropolitan Area