"Amigos a la distancia": una iniciativa de trabajo comunal universitario para el acompañamiento de las personas adultas mayores en tiempo de la pandemia ocasionada por el COVID-19
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Brokke Morales, Melissa
Mora Román, Juan José
Fallas Ramírez, José Manuel
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Abstract
El 11 de marzo de 2020, la Organización Mundial de la Salud declaró una pandemia causada por el COVID-19, generando cambios radicales en el estilo de vida de la población. Todas las personas tuvieron que modificar su forma de vivir y adaptarse a una nueva realidad. Este contexto promovió el desarrollo de iniciativas como la denominada "Amigos a la distancia", dentro del proyecto de trabajo comunal TC-678 Promoción del envejecimiento saludable y de la solidaridad intergeneracional en las comunidades de Cartago de la Universidad de Costa Rica. Por lo anterior, el propósito es sistematizar la experiencia de las personas adultas mayores y del estudiantado con esta actividad. La intervención consistió en la realización de llamadas telefónicas a personas adultas mayores con mayor vulnerabilidad, que asistían al Centro Diurno de Quebradilla, para brindarles el correspondiente acompañamiento. La información recopilada durante las mismas fue registrada y sistematizada mediante un análisis de contenido. Asimismo, se llevó a cabo una evaluación, tanto a la población beneficiaria como al estudiantado con participación activa. Los resultados principales incluyeron el establecimiento de siete categorías: información personal de las personas adultas mayores, situación de salud actual de las personas participantes, actividades cotidianas, limitaciones experimentadas como consecuencia de las restricciones sanitarias impuestas por la pandemia, problemas originados por la pandemia del COVID-19, aspectos positivos percibidos durante la pandemia, y otros aspectos de importancia. Con ello, fue posible notar con mayor claridad las vivencias de esta población durante el inicio de la pandemia, y la influencia en su estado físico y emocional. Como complemento, las personas beneficiarias refirieron haber tenido una muy buena percepción de la misma, al igual que el estudiantado participante. Ante la evaluación recibida, iniciativas de esta naturaleza deben mantenerse en el corto y mediano plazo, inclusive si se vuelve a las actividades presenciales.
On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared a pandemic caused by COVID-19, generating radical changes in the population's lifestyle. All people had to change their living and adapt to a new reality. This context promoted the development of initiatives such as the so-called "Friends at a distance" within the community work project TC-678 Promotion of healthy aging and intergenerational solidarity in the communities of Cartago of the Universidad de Costa Rica. Therefore, the purpose is to systematize the experience of older adults and students with this activity. The intervention consisted of making telephone calls to older adults with greater vulnerability, who attended the Quebradilla Day Center, to provide them with the corresponding accompaniment. The information collected during them was recorded and systematized through content analysis. Likewise, an evaluation was carried out on the beneficiary population and the students with active participation. The main results included the establishment of seven categories: personal information of the elderly, current health situation of the participants, daily activities, limitations experienced because of the health restrictions imposed by the pandemic, problems caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, positive aspects perceived during the pandemic and other essential aspects. With this, it was possible to see more clearly the experiences of this population during the pandemic start and the influence on their physical and emotional state. As a complement, the beneficiaries reported having had a good perception of it, as did the participating students. Given the evaluation received, initiatives of this nature should be maintained in the short and medium-term, even if they return to face-to-face activities.
On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared a pandemic caused by COVID-19, generating radical changes in the population's lifestyle. All people had to change their living and adapt to a new reality. This context promoted the development of initiatives such as the so-called "Friends at a distance" within the community work project TC-678 Promotion of healthy aging and intergenerational solidarity in the communities of Cartago of the Universidad de Costa Rica. Therefore, the purpose is to systematize the experience of older adults and students with this activity. The intervention consisted of making telephone calls to older adults with greater vulnerability, who attended the Quebradilla Day Center, to provide them with the corresponding accompaniment. The information collected during them was recorded and systematized through content analysis. Likewise, an evaluation was carried out on the beneficiary population and the students with active participation. The main results included the establishment of seven categories: personal information of the elderly, current health situation of the participants, daily activities, limitations experienced because of the health restrictions imposed by the pandemic, problems caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, positive aspects perceived during the pandemic and other essential aspects. With this, it was possible to see more clearly the experiences of this population during the pandemic start and the influence on their physical and emotional state. As a complement, the beneficiaries reported having had a good perception of it, as did the participating students. Given the evaluation received, initiatives of this nature should be maintained in the short and medium-term, even if they return to face-to-face activities.
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Keywords
trabajo comunal, acompañamiento, persona adulta mayor, pandemia, COVID-19, community work, accompaniment, elderly person, pandemic