Terapias de modulación de la microbiota intestinal eficaces en la restauración inmunológica en conjunto con terapias anti-retrovirales en pacientes con VIH: Una revisión sistemática
Fecha
2023
Tipo
tesis
Autores
Serrano Campos, Alma Daliana
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Resumen
La inflamación crónica observada en los pacientes con virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) es una problemática en el curso de la enfermedad y a pesar del tratamiento anti-retroviral (ART), la persistencia de la inflamación crónica genera complicaciones en la calidad de vida del paciente. En los últimos años, estudios han demostrado que una de las principales causas de la inflamación se debe a la disbiosis intestinal del paciente.
Por lo cual, se ha investigado sobre nuevas terapias combinadas enfocadas en restituir la homeostasis de la microbiota intestinal en pacientes con VIH para determinar si la modulación de la microbiota logra reconstituir el sistema inmunológico y disminuir la inflamación crónica de estos pacientes.
En esta investigación se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de literatura sobre como varia la composición de la microbiota intestinal en pacientes con VIH dependiendo de varios factores como nivel de viremia, tipo de tratamiento y estado inmunológico, así como estudios clínicos de evaluación de la eficacia del uso de terapia combinada como probióticos y trasplante fecal en pacientes con VIH, con el fin de recopilar información biomédica actualizada, que pretende orientar a nuevos estudios clínicos que pretendan abordar el tema de eficacia de las terapias combinadas en conjunto con el tratamiento anti-retroviral para un posterior abordaje terapéutico.
Por lo cual, se determinó la composición de la microbiota intestinal en pacientes con VIH, las variaciones en comparación con personas no infectadas y la composición según factores dentro del curso de la enfermedad que contribuyan con cambios en la disbiosis intestinal, con el fin de analizar los efectos de las terapias de probióticos y trasplante fecal en conjunto con el ART, así como su eficacia según los cambios en parámetros inmunológicos, marcadores de translocación microbiana, marcadores inflamatorios solubles y cambios en la composición de la microbiota intestinal.
The chronic inflammation in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a problem in the course of the disease and despite anti-retroviral treatment (ART), the persistence of chronic inflammation generates complications in the patient's quality of life. In recent years, studies have shown that one of the main causes of inflammation is due to intestinal dysbiosis. Therefore, new combined therapies focused on restoring the homeostasis of the intestinal microbiota in patients with HIV have been investigated to determine if modulation of the microbiota manages to reconstitute the immune system and reduce chronic inflammation in these patients. In this research, a bibliographic review of the literature was carried out on how the composition of the intestinal microbiota varies in patients with HIV depending on several factors such as level of viremia, type of treatment and immunological status, as well as clinical studies evaluating the effectiveness of the use. of combined therapy such as probiotics and fecal transplant in patients with HIV, in order to collect updated biomedical information, which aims to guide new clinical studies that aim to address the issue of effectiveness of combined therapies in conjunction with anti-retroviral treatment for a subsequent therapeutic approach. Therefore, the composition of the intestinal microbiota in patients with HIV was determined, the variations compared to uninfected people and the composition according to factors within the course of the disease that contribute to changes in intestinal dysbiosis, in order to analyze the effects of probiotic and fecal transplant therapies in conjunction with ART, as well as their efficacy according to changes in immunological parameters, markers of microbial translocation, soluble inflammatory markers and changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota.
The chronic inflammation in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a problem in the course of the disease and despite anti-retroviral treatment (ART), the persistence of chronic inflammation generates complications in the patient's quality of life. In recent years, studies have shown that one of the main causes of inflammation is due to intestinal dysbiosis. Therefore, new combined therapies focused on restoring the homeostasis of the intestinal microbiota in patients with HIV have been investigated to determine if modulation of the microbiota manages to reconstitute the immune system and reduce chronic inflammation in these patients. In this research, a bibliographic review of the literature was carried out on how the composition of the intestinal microbiota varies in patients with HIV depending on several factors such as level of viremia, type of treatment and immunological status, as well as clinical studies evaluating the effectiveness of the use. of combined therapy such as probiotics and fecal transplant in patients with HIV, in order to collect updated biomedical information, which aims to guide new clinical studies that aim to address the issue of effectiveness of combined therapies in conjunction with anti-retroviral treatment for a subsequent therapeutic approach. Therefore, the composition of the intestinal microbiota in patients with HIV was determined, the variations compared to uninfected people and the composition according to factors within the course of the disease that contribute to changes in intestinal dysbiosis, in order to analyze the effects of probiotic and fecal transplant therapies in conjunction with ART, as well as their efficacy according to changes in immunological parameters, markers of microbial translocation, soluble inflammatory markers and changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota.
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INMUNOLOGÍA, SIDA, MICROBIOTA, CIENCIAS MÉDICAS, TERAPIA