Vivencias de un grupo de personas adultas mayores jubiladas del Gran Área Metropolitana al reingresar al campo laboral formal en 2025
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Antecedentes: Del análisis de antecedentes se encuentran ocho investigaciones cualitativas, trece investigaciones cuantitativas, y tres en mixto, cinco investigaciones del año 2012, cuatro del 2014 y 2015, tres en 2010, dos en 2013 y 2019 y una en 2016, 2018 y 2021. De los instrumentos utilizados se encuentra: entrevistas, grupos focales y encuesta, entre las ideas más relevantes de las investigaciones se puede nombrar necesidad de oportunidades laborales para personas trabajadoras de edad, laborar nuevamente los hace sentirse personas activas y con mejor calidad de vida, ayuda también a mejorar salud mental, sin embargo, si pueden sentir discriminación y trato diferencial con trabajadores más jóvenes, empleadores buscan juventud, belleza y experiencia, esto puede llegar a ocasionar que se impongan limitaciones, el reingreso laboral de las personas de edad será conocido en un futuro como la regla y no la excepción, por la mejoría en salud por ende en el proceso de envejecimiento, algunos motivos para ese reingreso son contribuir con las necesidades, aumentar los ingresos y que se complementen con las pensiones, poder costearse las citas para mejora de la salud y permanecer activos mental y físicamente; el mercado de trabajo del Siglo XXI es necesario es cambiante, y cualquier persona trabajadora debe de estar actualizándose. Objetivo: Analizar las vivencias manifestadas por un grupo de personas adultas mayores jubiladas que han reingresado al campo laboral formal. Metodología: Investigación cualitativa, enfoque narrativo, instrumento de entrevista a profundidad, triangulación teórica. Hallazgos: Las personas mayores entrevistadas muestran trayectorias distintas de reingreso tras la jubilación, el reingreso estuvo motivado por distintas razones económicas, vocacionales, espirituales o personales, se identificaron factores facilitadores del reingreso como alta escolaridad, planificación financiera y redes de apoyo, también obstáculos como burocracia excesiva, informalidad, edadismo e irrespeto a derechos laborales. El reingreso se puede ver como estrategia de continuidad del rol productivo, fortalece la autoestima y calidad de vida
Background: From the background analysis, there are eight qualitative investigations, thirteen quantitative investigations, and three mixed, five investigations from 2012, four from 2014 and 2015, three in 2010, two in 2013 and 2019 and one in 2016, 2018 and 2021. Of the instruments used are: interviews, focus groups and survey, among the most relevant ideas of the research can be named the need for job opportunities for older workers, working again makes them feel active and with a better quality of life, also help to improve mental health, however, they can feel discrimination and differential treatment with younger workers, employers seek youth, beauty and experience, this can lead to limitations being imposed, the re-entry of the elderly to work will be known in the future, as the rule and not the exception, due to the improvement in health and therefore in the aging process, some reasons for this re-entry are to contribute to the needs, increase income and be supplemented with pensions, to be able to pay for appointments to improve health and stay mentally and physically active; the job market of the XXI century is necessary is changing, and any working person must be updating. Objective: To analyze the experiences manifested by a group of retired elderly people who have re-entered the formal labor field. Methodology: Qualitative research, phenomenological-descriptive approach, in-depth interview instruments and focus group, theoretical triangulation. Findings: The older adults interviewed showed diverse pathways of reentry into the workforce after retirement. Their return to work was driven by various economic, vocational, spiritual, or personal reasons. Facilitating factors included higher education levels, financial planning, and support networks. However, barriers such as excessive bureaucracy, informality, ageism, and violations of labor rights were also identified. Workforce reentry can be seen as a strategy for maintaining a productive role, strengthening self-esteem, and enhancing quality of life.
Background: From the background analysis, there are eight qualitative investigations, thirteen quantitative investigations, and three mixed, five investigations from 2012, four from 2014 and 2015, three in 2010, two in 2013 and 2019 and one in 2016, 2018 and 2021. Of the instruments used are: interviews, focus groups and survey, among the most relevant ideas of the research can be named the need for job opportunities for older workers, working again makes them feel active and with a better quality of life, also help to improve mental health, however, they can feel discrimination and differential treatment with younger workers, employers seek youth, beauty and experience, this can lead to limitations being imposed, the re-entry of the elderly to work will be known in the future, as the rule and not the exception, due to the improvement in health and therefore in the aging process, some reasons for this re-entry are to contribute to the needs, increase income and be supplemented with pensions, to be able to pay for appointments to improve health and stay mentally and physically active; the job market of the XXI century is necessary is changing, and any working person must be updating. Objective: To analyze the experiences manifested by a group of retired elderly people who have re-entered the formal labor field. Methodology: Qualitative research, phenomenological-descriptive approach, in-depth interview instruments and focus group, theoretical triangulation. Findings: The older adults interviewed showed diverse pathways of reentry into the workforce after retirement. Their return to work was driven by various economic, vocational, spiritual, or personal reasons. Facilitating factors included higher education levels, financial planning, and support networks. However, barriers such as excessive bureaucracy, informality, ageism, and violations of labor rights were also identified. Workforce reentry can be seen as a strategy for maintaining a productive role, strengthening self-esteem, and enhancing quality of life.
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Jubilación, Gerontología, Oportunidades laborales, Reingreso Laboral, Calidad de vida, Retirement, Gerontology, Job Opportunities, Workplace Reentry, Quality of Life
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