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Integration and Fixation Preferences of Human and Mouse Endogenous Retroviruses Uncovered with Functional Data Analysis

dc.creatorCampos Sánchez, Rebeca
dc.creatorCremona, Marzia A.
dc.creatorPini, Alessia
dc.creatorChiaromonte, Francesca
dc.creatorMakova, Kateryna D.
dc.date.accessioned2017-08-11T21:11:02Z
dc.date.available2017-08-11T21:11:02Z
dc.date.issued2016-06-16
dc.description.abstractEndogenous retroviruses (ERVs), the remnants of retroviral infections in the germ line, occupy ~8% and ~10% of the human and mouse genomes, respectively, and affect their structure, evolution, and function. Yet we still have a limited understanding of how the genomic landscape influences integration and fixation of ERVs. Here we conducted a genome-wide study of the most recently active ERVs in the human and mouse genome. We investigated 826 fixed and 1,065 in vitro HERV-Ks in human, and 1,624 fixed and 242 polymorphic ETns, as well as 3,964 fixed and 1,986 polymorphic IAPs, in mouse. We quantitated >40 human and mouse genomic features (e.g., non-B DNA structure, recombination rates, and histone modifications) in ±32 kb of these ERVs’ integration sites and in control regions, and analyzed them using Functional Data Analysis (FDA) methodology. In one of the first applications of FDA in genomics, we identified genomic scales and locations at which these features display their influence, and how they work in concert, to provide signals essential for integration and fixation of ERVs. The investigation of ERVs of different evolutionary ages (young in vitro and polymorphic ERVs, older fixed ERVs) allowed us to disentangle integration vs. fixation preferences. As a result of these analyses, we built a comprehensive model explaining the uneven distribution of ERVs along the genome. We found that ERVs integrate in late-replicating AT-rich regions with abundant microsatellites, mirror repeats, and repressive histone marks. Regions favoring fixation are depleted of genes and evolutionarily conserved elements, and have low recombination rates, reflecting the effects of purifying selection and ectopic recombination removing ERVs from the genome. In addition to providing these biological insights, our study demonstrates the power of exploiting multiple scales and localization with FDA. These powerful techniques are expected to be applicable to many other genomic investigations.es_ES
dc.description.procedenceUCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Básicas::Centro de Investigación en Biología Celular y Molecular (CIBCM)es_ES
dc.description.sponsorshipNational Science Foundation/[DBI-0965596]/NSF/Estados Unidoses_ES
dc.description.sponsorshipNational Institute of General Medical Sciences/[GM087472]/NIGMS/Estados Unidoses_ES
dc.description.sponsorshipThe Clinical & Translational Science Institute/[]/CTSI/Estados Unidoses_ES
dc.description.sponsorshipPennsylvania Department of Health/[]//Estados Unidoses_ES
dc.identifier.citationhttp://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004956
dc.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004956
dc.identifier.issn1553-7358
dc.identifier.issn1553-734X
dc.identifier.otherPMC4911145
dc.identifier.pmid27309962
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10669/72969
dc.language.isoen_USes_ES
dc.rightsacceso abierto
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/cr/*
dc.sourcePLOS Computational Biology, vol. 12, núm. 6, 2016es_ES
dc.subjectCentromereses_ES
dc.subjectHuman genomicses_ES
dc.subjectPermutationes_ES
dc.subjectEndogenous retroviruseses_ES
dc.subjectBiological processeses_ES
dc.subjectFunctional data analysises_ES
dc.titleIntegration and Fixation Preferences of Human and Mouse Endogenous Retroviruses Uncovered with Functional Data Analysises_ES
dc.typeartículo original

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