Snake venomics of monocled cobra (Naja kaouthia) and investigation of human IgG response against venom toxins
Fecha
2015-06
Tipo
artículo original
Autores
Laustsen, Andreas Hougaard
Gutiérrez, José María
Lohse, Brian
Rasmussen, Arne R.
Fernández Ulate, Julián
Milbo, Christina
Lomonte, Bruno
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Resumen
The venom proteome of the monocled cobra, Naja kaouthia, from Thailand, was characterized by RPHPLC,
SDS-PAGE, and MALDI-TOF-TOF analyses, yielding 38 different proteins that were either identified
or assigned to families. Estimation of relative protein abundances revealed that venom is dominated
by three-finger toxins (77.5%; including 24.3% cytotoxins and 53.2% neurotoxins) and phospholipases A2
(13.5%). It also contains lower proportions of components belonging to nerve growth factor, ohanin/
vespryn, cysteine-rich secretory protein, C-type lectin/lectin-like, nucleotidase, phosphodiesterase,
metalloproteinase, L-amino acid oxidase, cobra venom factor, and cytidyltransferase protein families.
Small amounts of three nucleosides were also evidenced: adenosine, guanosine, and inosine. The most
relevant lethal components, categorized by means of a ‘toxicity score’, were a-neurotoxins, followed by
cytotoxins/cardiotoxins. IgGs isolated from a person who had repeatedly self-immunized with a variety
of snake venoms were immunoprofiled by ELISA against all venom fractions. Stronger responses against
larger toxins, but lower against the most critical a-neurotoxins were obtained. As expected, no
neutralization potential against N. kaouthia venom was therefore detected. Combined, our results display
a high level of venom complexity, unveil the most relevant toxins to be neutralized, and provide prospects
of discovering human IgGs with toxin neutralizing abilities through use of phage display screening.
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Palabras clave
Naja kaouthia, Monocled cobra, Toxicity, Human IgG response, Immunity, Snake venom, Proteomics