Validación de un método analítico con ácidos de menor pureza, y matrices de hierro, para la evaluación de metales pesados (Cd, Pb, Cr y As) en fertilizantes
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Elizondo Hidalgo, Fabricio
Pérez López, Esteban
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Abstract
Introducción: El uso frecuente de fertilizantes en el sector agrícola costarricense provoca contaminación ambiental; y los metales pesados se encuentran entre los principales contaminantes debido a su alta toxicidad, lo que fortalece la necesidad de métodos locales asequibles y confiables para evaluar los niveles de contaminación. Objetivo: Validar una adaptación de un método que utiliza pureza de ácido modificada y matrices de hierro para medir metales pesados (Cd, Pb, Cr y As) en fertilizantes. Método: Probamos cuatro análisis por duplicado de una muestra de concentración conocida con ácidos de grado reactivo y ácidos ultrapuros. Para la prueba de interferencia de hierro, usamos ocho repeticiones. También hicimos pruebas de sesgo, precisión, límites de detección, límite de cuantificación, especificidad, recuperación, falsos positivos y falsos negativos. Resultados: El nuevo método demostró ser satisfactorio y su eficacia se confirmó con los parámetros de rendimiento analítico. Conclusiones: El método es resistente a cambios en la pureza del ácido y tolera matrices con concentraciones de hierro menores al 5% m/m.
Introduction: The frequent use of fertilizers in the Costa Rican agricultural sector causes environmental pollution; and heavy metals are among the main pollutants because of their high toxicity, strengthening the need for affordable and reliable local methods to assess pollution levels. Objective: To validate an adaptation of a method that uses modified acid purity and iron matrices to measure heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cr and As) in fertilizers. Method: We tested four duplicate analyzes of a sample of known concentration with reactive grade acids and ultra-pure acids. For the iron interference test, we used eight replicates. We also did tests for bias, precision, detection limits, quantification limit, specificity, recovery, false positives and false negatives. Results: The new method proved satisfactory and its efficiency held by analytical performance parameters. Conclusions: The method is resistant to changes in acid purity, and tolerates matrices with iron concentrations under 5% m/m.
Introduction: The frequent use of fertilizers in the Costa Rican agricultural sector causes environmental pollution; and heavy metals are among the main pollutants because of their high toxicity, strengthening the need for affordable and reliable local methods to assess pollution levels. Objective: To validate an adaptation of a method that uses modified acid purity and iron matrices to measure heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cr and As) in fertilizers. Method: We tested four duplicate analyzes of a sample of known concentration with reactive grade acids and ultra-pure acids. For the iron interference test, we used eight replicates. We also did tests for bias, precision, detection limits, quantification limit, specificity, recovery, false positives and false negatives. Results: The new method proved satisfactory and its efficiency held by analytical performance parameters. Conclusions: The method is resistant to changes in acid purity, and tolerates matrices with iron concentrations under 5% m/m.
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Keywords
Metales pesados, fertilizante, agroquímicos, validación, Heavy metals, fertilizer, agrochemicals, validation