Exposure of a Tropical Soil to mg/kg of Oxytetracycline Elicits Hormetic Responses in the Catabolic Activities of its Microbial Community
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Solís Jiménez, Yendry
Chavarría Molina, Guadalupe
García Santamaría, Fernando
Rodríguez Sánchez, César
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Abstract
Many farmers in developing countries protect their crops with oxytetracycline and fertilize their farmlands with manure from animals that received this drug as growth promoter. In this study, a tropical soil was exposed to 0.1 mg kg−1, 1 mg kg−1, and 10 mg kg−1 of oxytetracycline for 22 days to evaluate whether this antibiotic alters the capacity of a soil microbial community to metabolize 31 carbon sources. The communities exposed to 1 and 10 mg kg−1 of oxytetracycline exhibited reduced catabolic activities for 3 and 6 substrates, respectively. In contrast, the communities exposed to 0.1 mg kg−1 of oxytetracycline showed higher catabolic activities than the controls and the other two treatments for 19 substrates. These data reveal a hormetic response at the community level not previously described for soil bacteria and oxytetracycline.
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Ecotoxicology, Oxytetracycline, CLPP, Tropical soil, Bacteria, 631.4 Suelos