De "mejorase" a "dar a luz": el discurso del Movimiento Costarricense por el Parto Humanizado o Respetado.
Archivos
Fecha
2019
Tipo
tesis de maestría
Autores
Chinchilla Alvarado, Laura
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Resumen
Esta investigación explora el discurso del movimiento social que promueve el parto humanizado o respetado en Costa Rica y las interacciones que este discurso establece con el discurso hegemónico del parto.
El análisis del discurso, desde una perspectiva crítica, feminista y foucaultiana, muestra que este movimiento sostiene su discurso tanto sobre la crítica al modelo hegemónico de parto medicalizado como sobre la propuesta de otro paradigma: el parto humanizado o respetado. Los resultados indican que esa propuesta se construye a través de una serie de estrategias discursivas que buscan resemantizar el parto, es decir, que plantean una manera, otra, de atenderlo y de entenderlo. Entre estas destaca la presencia de estrategias retóricas que embellecen el constructo discursivo “parto” y lo vinculan con elementos emocionales y espirituales, así como la presencia de “contra-topoi”, estrategias argumentativas empleadas para desplazar representaciones sociales sobre el parto, el sujeto mujer, los saberes obstétricos y el cuerpo, sustituyéndolas por otras.
A través del análisis del discurso se ubican también los principales actores sociales e institucionales que participan en las dinámicas de atención del parto, el rol que desempeñan y las relaciones tensas y complejas que el movimiento social mantiene con ellos.
This research explores the discourse of the social movement that promotes humanized or respected childbirth in Costa Rica and the interactions that this discourse establishes with the hegemonic discourse of childbirth. The discourse analysis, from a critical, feminist and Foucaultian perspective, shows that this movement sustains its discourse both on the critique of the hegemonic model of medicalized childbirth and on the proposal of another paradigm: humanized or respected childbirth. According to the results, this discourse is constructed through a series of discursive strategies that seek to resemantize childbirth: that is to say, they propose one way, another, of attending to it and understanding it. These include the presence of rhetorical strategies that embellish the discursive construct "childbirth" and link it with emotional and spiritual elements, as well as the presence of "counter-topoi", argumentative strategies used to displace social representations about childbirth, the female subject, obstetric knowledge and body, replacing them with others. Through the discourse analysis, the main social and institutional actors that participate in the dynamics of childbirth care, the role they play and the tense and complex relationships that the social movement maintains with them are also located. Keywords: humanized childbirth, respected childbirth, critical discourse analysis, social movement communication studies.
This research explores the discourse of the social movement that promotes humanized or respected childbirth in Costa Rica and the interactions that this discourse establishes with the hegemonic discourse of childbirth. The discourse analysis, from a critical, feminist and Foucaultian perspective, shows that this movement sustains its discourse both on the critique of the hegemonic model of medicalized childbirth and on the proposal of another paradigm: humanized or respected childbirth. According to the results, this discourse is constructed through a series of discursive strategies that seek to resemantize childbirth: that is to say, they propose one way, another, of attending to it and understanding it. These include the presence of rhetorical strategies that embellish the discursive construct "childbirth" and link it with emotional and spiritual elements, as well as the presence of "counter-topoi", argumentative strategies used to displace social representations about childbirth, the female subject, obstetric knowledge and body, replacing them with others. Through the discourse analysis, the main social and institutional actors that participate in the dynamics of childbirth care, the role they play and the tense and complex relationships that the social movement maintains with them are also located. Keywords: humanized childbirth, respected childbirth, critical discourse analysis, social movement communication studies.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Comunicación y desarrollo, Análisis crítico del discurso, Parto humanizado, Parto respetado, Estudios de comunicación de movimientos sociales