Efectos de la segregación residencial socioeconómica sobre la reproducción adolescente. Ciudad de Córdoba, 2001
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artículo original
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Molinatti, Florencia
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Universidad de Costa Rica
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Este trabajo tiene por objetivo contribuir en los esfuerzos teóricos y analíticos dirigidos a investigar los efectos que la segregación residencial socioeconómica tiene sobre la reproducción adolescente –porcentaje de adolescentes entre 15 y 19 años que tienen al menos un hijo nacido vivo– en la ciudad de Córdoba (Argentina). Se trabaja con información proveniente del Censo Nacional de Población y Vivienda de 2001, desagregada a nivel de radio censal. Los riesgos de ser madre en la adolescencia, según la zona de segregación donde estas adolescentes residen se estiman a partir de modelos de regresión logística, ajustados, según variables sociodemográficas. Los resultados alcanzados en este trabajo sugieren que las probabilidades de ser madre entre los 15 y 19 años se encuentran significativamente influenciadas por el contexto residencial donde viven las adolescentes, más allá de las diferencias observadas a nivel individual y del hogar. Mientras que en las áreas con alta concentración de hogares con clima educativo alto, el riesgo de ser madre adolescente disminuye en promedio un 54% respecto al conjunto de radios censales más heterogéneos, en las zonas caracterizadas por un contexto residencial opuesto dicho riesgo aumenta casi un 13%. Estas evidencias destacan la importancia de la inclusión de los contextos residenciales en los diagnósticos y en el diseño de políticas públicas orientados a la salud reproductiva y sexual de las y los adolescentes, ya que posibilita captar su heterogeneidad y diversidad socioculturales.
The goal of this paper is to contribute to the theoretical and analytical efforts regarding the effects of socioeconomic residential segregation patterns on adolescent reproduction –percentage of female teenagers 15-19 years who had at least one child birth alive– in the city of Córdoba (Argentina). We use data from the National Census of Population and Housing, at the census track level. The risks of being a mother in adolescence according to the segregation area in which these adolescents reside are estimated from logistic regression models, adjusted for sociodemographic variables. The results obtained in this work suggest that the odds of being an adolescent mother are significantly influenced by the residential context where adolescents live, beyond the differences observed at the individual and household level. In areas with high concentration of households with high educational climate the risk of being an adolescent mother decreased on average by 54% compared with the whole of census track more heterogeneous, by contrast in zones characterized by opposite residential context that increased to nearly 13%. This evidence highlights the importance of including residential contexts in the diagnosis and the design of public policies oriented to reproductive and sexual health of adolescents, since it allows capturing its heterogeneity and cultural diversity.
The goal of this paper is to contribute to the theoretical and analytical efforts regarding the effects of socioeconomic residential segregation patterns on adolescent reproduction –percentage of female teenagers 15-19 years who had at least one child birth alive– in the city of Córdoba (Argentina). We use data from the National Census of Population and Housing, at the census track level. The risks of being a mother in adolescence according to the segregation area in which these adolescents reside are estimated from logistic regression models, adjusted for sociodemographic variables. The results obtained in this work suggest that the odds of being an adolescent mother are significantly influenced by the residential context where adolescents live, beyond the differences observed at the individual and household level. In areas with high concentration of households with high educational climate the risk of being an adolescent mother decreased on average by 54% compared with the whole of census track more heterogeneous, by contrast in zones characterized by opposite residential context that increased to nearly 13%. This evidence highlights the importance of including residential contexts in the diagnosis and the design of public policies oriented to reproductive and sexual health of adolescents, since it allows capturing its heterogeneity and cultural diversity.
Palabras clave
fecundidad de adolescentes, segregación, análisis de regresión, residencia, adolescent fertility, segregation, regression analysis, residence