Efecto de agregar agua sobre el punto crioscópico y componentes de la leche cruda de vacas Jersey y Holstein
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WingChing Jones, Rodolfo
Mora Chaves, Esteban
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Abstract
Introducción:  El  punto  crioscópico  se  usa  para  evaluar  la  calidad de la leche cruda entera y sus productos. Objetivo: Determinar el efecto de agregar agua sobre el punto crioscópico, composición bromatológica, contenido de urea, conteo de células somáticas y contenido de bacterias de la leche cruda. Métodos: Durante la primera etapa, tomamos 35 muestras de leche (80mL) de las localidades de Turrialba en Cartago y Zarcero, en Alajuela (abril y octubre del 2018). Agregamos agua  (5,  10,  15,  20,  25  y  30%  p/p)  y  una  muestra  sin  adulterar  como  control  (5  repeticiones  de  cada  uno).  Resultados: La  adición  de  5%  de agua (p/p) fue suficiente para alterar todos los parámetros. En una segunda  etapa,  evaluamos  concentraciones  más  bajas  (1,  2,  3,  4  y  5%  p/p). Conclusión: La adición de 1% p/p produce cambios significativos en  tres  parámetros:  punto  crioscópico,  contenidos  bromatológicos  y  conteo de células somáticas.
Introduction: The freezing point is used to assess the quality of raw whole milk and its byproducts. Objective: To determine the effect of water addition on freezing point, bromatological composition, urea content, somatic cell content and bacterial content in raw milk. Methods: During the first stage, we took 35 samples of milk (80mL) from the towns of Turrialba in Cartago, and Zarcero in Alajuela (April and October 2018). We added water (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30% w/w) and kept an unadulterated sample as control (five repetitions each). Results: The addition of 5% water (w/w) was enough to alter all parameters. On a second stage, we tested lower concentrations (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5% w/w). Conclusion: The addition of 1% water (w/w) produced significant changes only on three parameters: freezing point, bromatological contents, and somatic cell count.
Introduction: The freezing point is used to assess the quality of raw whole milk and its byproducts. Objective: To determine the effect of water addition on freezing point, bromatological composition, urea content, somatic cell content and bacterial content in raw milk. Methods: During the first stage, we took 35 samples of milk (80mL) from the towns of Turrialba in Cartago, and Zarcero in Alajuela (April and October 2018). We added water (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30% w/w) and kept an unadulterated sample as control (five repetitions each). Results: The addition of 5% water (w/w) was enough to alter all parameters. On a second stage, we tested lower concentrations (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5% w/w). Conclusion: The addition of 1% water (w/w) produced significant changes only on three parameters: freezing point, bromatological contents, and somatic cell count.
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Keywords
Proteína  en  leche, Sólidos  totales, Adulteración  con  agua, Urea en leche, Lactosa en leche, Grasa en leche, Milk protein, Milk solids, Water adulterations, Milk urea nitrogen, Milk lactose, Milk fat