Extracts of Renealmia alpinia (Rottb.) MAAS Protect against Lethality and Systemic Hemorrhage Induced by Bothrops asper Venom: Insights from a Model with Extract Administration before Venom Injection
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Patiño Llano, Arley Camilo
Quintana, Juan Carlos
Gutiérrez, José María
Rucavado Romero, Alexandra
Benjumea, Dora María
Pereañez, Jaime Andrés
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Abstract
Renealmia alpinia (Rottb.) MAAS, obtained by micropropagation (in vitro) and
wild forms have previously been shown to inhibit some toxic activities of Bothrops asper
snake venom if preincubated before injection. In this study, assays were performed in a
murine model in which extracts were administered for three days before venom injection.
R. alpinia extracts inhibited lethal activity of B. asper venom injected by intraperitoneal
route. Median Effective Dose (ED50) values were 36.6 ± 3.2 mg/kg and 31.7 ± 5.4 mg/kg
(p > 0.05) for R. alpinia wild and in vitro extracts, respectively. At a dose of 75 mg/kg, both
extracts totally inhibited the lethal activity of the venom. Moreover, this dose prolonged
survival time of mice receiving a lethal dose of venom by the intravenous route. At 75 mg/kg,
both extracts of R. alpinia reduced the extent of venom-induced pulmonary hemorrhage by 48.0% (in vitro extract) and 34.7% (wild extract), in agreement with histological
observations of lung tissue. R. alpinia extracts also inhibited hemorrhage in heart and
kidneys, as evidenced by a decrease in mg of hemoglobin/g of organ. These results suggest
the possibility of using R. alpinia as a prophylactic agent in snakebite, a hypothesis that
needs to be further explored.
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Keywords
Renealmia alpinia, Snake venom, Metalloproteinases, Serine proteinase, Anti-venom activity, Micropropagated plants
Citation
http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/7/5/1532
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