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Karremans * Resumen: Se describe e ilustra una nueva especie de Platystele, P. tausensis de Costa Rica . Es si milar a P. propinqua pera difiere en las plantas y flores mas pequenas con sepa los mas cortos, los petalos y sepalos ci liados, fimbriados y agudos y la presencia de pelos en el apice del labelo. Se praporciona una clave para las especies de Platystele de Costa Rica. Palabras clave: Orchidaceae, Pleurothallidinae, Platystele, P. tau­ sensis, Costa Rica. I ntrod ucci6n Platystele fue descrito por el botanico aleman Rudolf Schlechter en 1910 basado en Platystele bulbinella [un nombre posterior para P. compacta (Ames) Ames]. EI especimen tipo fue recolectado por Henry Pittier en Rancho Flores cerca del Vol­ can Barva en Costa Rica en 1890. Si n embargo, el primero en recolectar plantas de Platystele fue Auguste (Augusto) R. Endres alrededor de 1869, cuando reco­ lect6 Platystele minimiflora (Sch ltr.) Garay. EI 10 reconoci6 como miembra de un nuevo genera y propuso Stelidiastrum para clasificar a la especie, sin embargo, el nombre nunca fue publicado. Antes de la aceptaci6n y reconocimiento general de Platystele, las especies de este genero fueron ubicadas bajo el concepto gene­ rico de Pleurothallis R. Br. 0 Stelis Sw. (Luer 1990). EI genera incluye unas 80 especies distribuidas desde Mexico hasta Brasil y las Antillas, con mayor diversidad en la regi6n andina, especial mente en Ecuador y * Jardin Botanico Lankester, Universidad de Costa Rica. P.O. Box 302-7050 Cartago, Costa Rica, A.C.; Cen­ tro de lnvestigaci6n en Orquideas de los Andes "Angel Andreetta", Universidad Alfredo Perez Guerrero, Ecuador. diego.bogarin@ucr.ac.cr * akarremans@gmai l.com 208 ORQUIDEOLOclA XXVII(2), 2010 Smm 2mm . Smm 1 mm Figura (Figu re) 1. _ PLATYSTELE TAUSENSIS A. habito (habit), B. apice de la hoja (apex of leaf), C. flor (flower), D. perianto disecta­ do (dissected perianth), E. columna y labelo, vista lateral (column and lip, lateral view), F. columna, vista fronta l (column, frontal view) . lustraci6n (Drawn); Diego Bogarfn del holotipo. (from the holotype). ORQUIDEOLOGiA XXVII(2), 2010 209 Colombia con mas de 30 especies cada uno (Luer 2003). Platyste/e puede ser re­ conocido por las plantas repentes 0 cespitosas con ramicaules mas cortos que las hojas y las inflorescencias latera les que sa len del anulus. Las flares son expandi­ das con sepa los libres, a veces connados basal mente. Los petalos suelen ser mas estrechos que los sepalos. EI labelo es simple y se adhiere al pie de la columna rudimentaria. La columna es muy corta en comparaci6n con las piezas florales, formando una capucha amplia a traves de una antera apica l, flanqueado por los 16bu los del estigma estigma bilobulado. Las plantas de Platyste/e estan entre las mas pequenas de las Orchidaceae. Pla­ tystele jungermannioides (Schltr.) Garay se dice que es la mas pequena de las orqufdeas conocidas en el mundo, a menudo confundida con una hepatica. A continuaci6n, se describe una nueva especie de Platystele de Costa Rica, donde se han registrado previa mente 13 especies. Las plantas de esta especie son de las mas pequenas en el pafs, junto con P. microtatantha (Schltr.) Garay, P. minimiflora y P. jungermannioides. PLA1YSTfLE TAUSENSIS Bogarfn & Karremans, sp. nov. Species haec P. propinquae (Ames) Garay similis, sed floribus minoribus viridulis, sepalis petalisque fimbria tis, apice labelli hirsuto differt. Tipo: COSTA RICA. Cartago: Jimenez, Pejibaye, entre Tausito y Selva, alrede­ dores de la Reserva Biol6gica EI Copal, orill as del Rfo Taus y Quebrada Selva, 9°47'S.22 "N 83°45'46.1 "W, 1197 m, bosque pluvial premontano, epffitas en bosque secundario a ori llas del camino, 1 mayo 2008, D. Bogarfn 4792, A. P. Karremans, Y Kisel & R. Phillips (Holotipo, JBL). Fig. 1, Y 3. Descripci6n: Hierba minuscula, epffita, cespitosa, erecta, de hasta 1,5 cm de alto. Rakes basales filifarmes, flexuosas, de 0,5 mm de diametro. Ramicaules erectos, delgados, de 2-5 mm de largo, envueltos en 2-3 vainas membranosas, imbricadas tubulares, levemente comprimidas, tornandose papiraceas y color marr6n con la edad. Hojas elfpticas, erectas, coriaceas, condupl icadas, subagu­ das, emarginadas, abaxialmente con una quil la y terminando en un apiculo cor­ to, 1,3-1,4 x 0,2-0,3 cm, reduciendose en la base conduplicada en un pecfolo de 2,5-4,0 mm de largo. Inflorescencias racemosas, dfsticas, un pococongestiona­ das, flores sucesivas, hasta 1,5 cm de largo, pedunculo de 0,7-1,0 cm de largo, pedicelos de 1,2 mm de largo. Bracteas florales agudas, conduplicadas, 1 mm de largo. Ovario cilfndrico, liso, 0,5 mm de largo. Flores de color rOjo escarlata, el sepalo dorsal y los petalos de color verde amari llento hacia el apice, el labelo de color escarlata oscuro, la columna amari lla en el apice, de 3 mm de diame­ tro. Sepalo dorsal ovado-elfptico, ampliamente expandido, agudo, puberulen- 210 ORQUIDEOlOGIA XXVII(2), 2010 Figura (Figure) 2. Planta del holotipo de PLATYSTELE TAUSENSIS sp. nov. (Holotype plant) D . Bogarfn 4792 UBL-Spirit). Fotografia (Photo): F. Pupulin. Figura (Figure) 3. Foto de la planta del paratipo creciendo mezclada con hepaticas. (Photo of the paratype plant growing mixed with liverworts). D. Bogarfn 7394 UBL- Spirit) . Fotograffa (Photo): D. Bogarfn. ORQUIDEOLOGIA XXVI1(2), 2010 211 Figura (Figure) 4 . M orfo logfa f loral de las especies del grupo de PLATYSTELE OXYGLOSSA en <:::osta Rica: (F lower morphology of the Costa Rican species of the PLATYSTELE OXYGLOSSA group :) A. P. CAUDATISEPALA (G. Carnevali s. n. ), B. P. d. OXYGLOSSA (D . Bogarfn 7772) 212 C. P. OXYGLOSSA (D . Bogarfn 4855), D. P. PEDICELLARIS (A. P Karremans 2678), E. P. PROPINQUA (A. P Karremans 9 17), F. P. TAUSENSIS (D. Bogarfn 4 792) . Foto (Photo): A. F. Pupulin; B-F D. Bogarfn. ORQUIDEOLOCiA XXVII(2), 2010 CLAVE PARA LAS ESPECIES DE PLATYSTELE DE COSTA RICA 1 a. Plantas rastreras ................... .. ........... ..... ........ .. ................ ... ..... .. ........... . 2 2a. Hojas 0.2-0.25 cm; inflorescencia 0.3-0.5 cm ............ P. jungermannioides 2b. Hojas 0.4-0.9 cm; inflorescencia 1.5-2 cm ..... ...................... P. minimiflora 1 b. Plantas cespitosas ................ ...... ... .... ..... ... ..... ... ..... ..... .... .. ....... .. ...... ....... 3 3a. Inflorescencia sucesiva, 1 02 flores abiertas al mismo tiempo ... ... ..... ..... 4 4a. Sepalos ca . 1-1.2 mm; labelo obtuso, labelo con ca llo basal ... ..... ..................... .......... ..... .................................. ........ . P. microtatantha 4b. Sepalos ca. 1.75-12 mm; labelo agudo, labelo sin callo basal .... ...... ....... 5 Sa . Sepalo dorsal tan ancho como los petalos, labelo agudo ... ..... ..... ..... ...... 6 6a. Sepalos agudos ............... ... ..... ............... ........ ..... ... .. ...... .... .. P. pedicellaris 6b. Sepalos largo-caudados .................................................... P. caudatisepala 5b. Sepalos dorsal mas ancho que petalos, labelo acuminado ........ ..... ......... 7 7a. Inflorescencia sub-igual a las hojas, apice dellabelo hirsuto .... P. tausensis 7b. Inflorescencia mas larga que la hoja, labelo glabro ................................. 8 8a. Petalos angostamente ovados, labelo sub-igual a sepalos ... .... P. propinqua 8b. Petalos lineares, labelo mas corto que los sepalos .... .. .............. P. oxyglossa 3b. Inflorescencia simu ltanea, 3 0 mas flores abiertas al mismo tiempo ... ..... 9 9a. Inflorescencia mas corta que la hoja ........ .. ..................... ...................... 10 10a. Inflorescencia 0.1-0.3 cm, con 1-3 flores ...... ... ...................... .... P. obtecta 10b. Inflorescencia 0.5-4 cm, congestionada, multi-floreada ................................... ....... ................................. ............ .. P. stenostachya 9b. Inflorescencia mas larga que la hoja ... .......... .......... ..... .. : .. ~ ........ ........ ... 11 11 a. Inflorescencia congestionada al apice .............. ..... .... ..... ...... .. : P. compacta 11 b. Inflorescencia sub-con"gestionada a laxa ................................. : ............. 12 12a. A.pice del labelo incurvado ...... ..... ................. ..... ..... .. ...... ....... P. perpusilla 12b. A.pice dellabelo no incurvado ............................ ........ .. ........... .. .......... . 13 214 ORQUIDEOLOCiA XXVII(2), 2010 13a. Inflorescencia laxa, labelo agudo, con glenion aparente ... .. .. .. P lancilabris 13b. Inflorescencia congestionada, labelo obtuso, sin glen ion aparente .. ...... ..... .... .... ... ...... .... ............................ .... ... ............ ............ P ovatilabia Agradeci m ientos AI Ministerio de Ambiente, Energfa y Telecomunicaciones (M INAET) y su Sistema Nacional de Areas de Conservaci6n (S INAC) por la expedici6n de los permisos de recolecci6n de especies silvestres. Los curadores y personal de los herbarios CR, INB Y USJ por permitir el acceso a las colecciones y por las facilidades otor­ gadas. A Robert L. Dressler y Franco Pupulin por su apoyo continuo. AI personal del JBL. EI presente trabajo es parte del Proyecto-814-A7 015, " Inventario y Taxonomfa de la flora epffita de la regi6n Neotropica l - Orchidaceae", ausp icia­ do por la Vicerrectorfa de Investigaci6n de la Universidad de Costa Rica. Bibliografia LUER , c.A. 1990. Pleurothallidinarum VII. Sistematica de Platyste/e. Monogr. Syst. Missouri Bot. Card . 38: 1-135. ____ .2003. Platystele. Paginas 381 a 386 en E. B. Hammel, M .H . Crayum, C. Herrera y N. Zamora, eds., Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica . Vol . 3. Monocotiled6neas (Orchidaceae - Zingiberaceae) . M onogr. Syst. Missouri Bot. Card . 93. ORQUIOEOLOCIA XXVII(2), 2010 215 ANEW PLA1YSTELE (ORCHIDACEAE: PLEUROTHALLIDINAE) FROM CENTRAL COSTA RICA Diego Bogarin * Adam P. Karremans * * Abstract: A new Platystele, P. tausensis from Costa Rica is described and illustrated. It is similar to P. propinqua but differs in the smaller plants and flowers with shorter sepals, the ci liate, fimbriate, acute sepa ls and petals and the presence of hairs at lip apex. A key to the species of Platystele from Costa Ri ca is provided. Key words: Orchidaceae, Pleu rothallidinae, Platystele, P. ta usensis, Costa Rica . I ntrod uction Platystele was described by the German botanist Rudolf Schlechter in 1910 based on Platystele bulbinella (a later name for P. compacta (Ames) Ames]. The type spe­ cimen was collected by Henry Pittier in Rancho Flores near Volcan Barva in Costa Rica in 1890. However, the first to co llect plants of Platystele was Auguste (Au­ gustus) R. Endres around 1869, when he collected Platystele minimiflora (Schltr.) Garay. He recognized it as a member of a new genus and proposed Stelidiastrum to accommodate the species, nevertheless, the name was never published. Be­ fore the recognition and general acceptance of Platystele, species of this genus were placed under the generic concepts of Pleurothallis R. Br. or Stelis Sw. (Luer 1990). The genus Platystele includes some 80 species distributed from M exico to Brazil and the Ant illes, with the highest diversity in the Andean region, especially Ecua- * Jardin Botanico Lankester, Universidad de Costa Rica . PO. Box 302-7050 Cartago, Costa Rica, A.c.; Cen­ tro de Investigaci6n en Orquideas de los Andes "Angel And reetta", Universidad Alfredo Perez Cuerrero, Ecuador. diego.bogarin@ucr.ac.cr ** akarremans@gmail.com 216 ORQUIDEOLOCIA XXVII(2), 2010 dor and Colombia with more than 30 species each (Luer 2003). Platystele can be recognized by the repent or cespitose plants with ramicauls shorter than the leaves and the lateral inflorescences emerging from an annulus. The flowers are spread with free sepals, sometimes connate basally. The petals are usually na­ rrower than the sepals. The lip is simple and attached to the rudimentary column foot. The column is very short compared with the other floral parts, forming a broad hood over an apical anther, flanked by the stigmatic lobes of the bilobed stigma. Plants of Platystele are among the smallest in the Orchidaceae. Platystele junger­ mannioides (Schltr. ) Garay is said to be the smallest known orchid in the world, often confused with a liverwort. Here, we describe a new Platystele from Costa Rica, where 13 species have been previously recorded. The species is one of the smallest in the country together with P. microtatantha (Schltr.) Garay, P. minimiflo­ ra and P. jungermannioides. PLA1YSTELE TAUSENSIS Bogarfn & Karremans, Orquideologfa 27(2): 210.2010 Type: Costa Rica. Cartago: Jimenez, Pejibaye, between Tausito y Selva, near EI Copal Biological Reserve, shores of rio Taus and Quebrada Selva, 9°47'S.22"N 83°45' 46.1" W, 1197 m, premontane rain forest, epiphytic in secondary forest along the road, 1 M ay 2008, D . Bogarfn 4792, A. P. Karremans, Y. Kisel & R. Phi­ llips (Holotype, JBL-spirit). Fig. 1-3. Botanical description: Plant minuscule, epiphytic, cespitose, erect, up to 1.5 cm ta ll ; roots basal, flexuous, fi liform, to 0.5 mm in diameter; ramicauls erect, slender, 2-5 mm long, enclosed by 2-3 tubular, imbricating, slightly compressed, membranous sheaths, becoming brownish and papery with age; leaf elliptic, erect, coriaceous, conduplicate, subacute, emarginate, abaxia lly keeled and ter­ minating in a short apicu lus, 1.3-1.4 x 0.2-0.3 cm, narrowed at the base into a conduplicate petiole to 2.5-4.0 mm long; inflorescence racemose, distichous, slightly congested, successive ly flowered, up to 1.5 cm long, peduncle to 0.7- 1.0 cm long, pedicels 1.2 mm long; floral bracts acute, conduplicate, to 1 mm long; ovary terete, smooth, to 0.5 mm long; flowers scarlet red, the dorsal sepal and the petals yellowish-green towards the apex, lip dark scarlet, column yellow at apex, 3 mm in diameter; dorsal sepal ovate-e lliptic, spreading w idely, acute, puberulent, fimbriate, 1.6 x 0.7 mm; lateral sepals subequal to the dorsal sepa l, ovate-elliptic, spreading w idely, acute, puberulent, fimbriate, 1.6 mm x 0.9 mm; petals spreading widely, linear-Ianceolate, shortl y acuminate, margins fimbriate, 1-veined, 2.0 x 0.4 mm; Lip ovate, shortly acuminate, pubescent at the apex, with a small glen ion at the base, 1.1-1.2 mm x 0.5 mm; column short, sub- ORQUIDEOLOCIA XXVII(2), 2010 217 cylindri cal, 0.4 mm long; anther apical; stigma subapical, transversely bilobed at either side of the anther; pollinia 2, ovoid; capsule 6 va lved, 2.5 mm long, pyriform . Paratypes: Costa Rica . Cartago: jimenez, Pejibaye, Selva, ca. 1100 m, ca. 9°47'N 83°46'W, 22 February 1996, M. A. Blanco 623, A. Cascante, B. Rodrfguez, J & C. Sanchez (USJ) . Cartago : jimenez, Pejibaye, between Taus and Tausito, Selva, banks of RIO Taus and Quebrada Se lva, 9°47'05.4 "N 83°45'45.6"W, 11 89 m, premontane rain forest, epiphytic in secondary forest along the road, 16 October 2009, D . Bogarfn 7394 & A. P. Karremans UBL-spirit). Fig. 4. Distribution: Known only from around Taus and Tausito, jimenez, on the Atlan­ tic slope ofthe Talamanca range in Costa Rica. Etymology: Named from the loca lity of Taus, a small village in jimenez, Cartago, w here the type specimen was collected. The word Taus probably comes from the H'uetar's indigenous language. Flowering season: Plants have been recorded to flower from October to M ay. Habitat and ecology: Epiphytic in secondary premontane rain forest, around 1200 m of elevation in central Costa Rica. Platystele tausensis is quite dist inct from any other Costa Rican member of the genus. The closest relative seems to be Platystele propinqua (Ames) Garay, from which it mainly differs by the smaller plants (up to 1.5 cm long) and flowers less than 3 mm in diameter in having shorter sepals up to 2 mm long (vs. 5 mm long), the ciliate, f imbriate, acute sepals and petals (vs. entire, glabrous, acuminate) and the presence of hairs on the lip apex (vs. absent). Platystele tausensis has been recorded at lower elevations (up to 1200 m) than P. propinqua (from 1600 to 2000 mi . Platystele oxyglossa (Schltr.) Garay is also similar but differs in the larger, lax inflorescences always surpassing the leaves (vs. inflorescences shorter, as long as leaves and congested). Platys tele psix Luer & Hirtz from Ecuador is also closely related but can be distinguished by the ce llular pubescent sepals (vs. glabrous) and the cellular-glandular lip (vs. papillose with a hirsute apex) . 218 ORQUIDEOlOCIA XXVI1(2), 2010 KEY TO THE SPECIES OF PLA1YSTfLf FROM COSTA RICA la. Plants creeping .............. ..................... .................................................. . 2 2a. Leaves 0.2-0.25 cm; inflorescences 0.3-0.5 cm ... ..... ..... ... .... .... ................... .. ............... .. ....... ............ P. jungermannioides 2b. Leaves 0.4-0.9 cm; inflorescences 1.5-2 cm ........................ . P. minimiflora lb. Plants cespitose .......... ............... ... ... ...... ...................... ......... ...... .... ...... .. 3 3a. Inflorescence successive, 1 or 2 flowers open at once .. ................ .. ........ 4 4a. Sepals ca. 1-1.2 mm; lip obtuse, with a basal callus .............................. .... ..... ............... ..... ... .............. .. .. ....... P. microtatantha 4b. Sepals ca. 1.75-12 mm; lip acute, without a basal callus ...... ....... ..... ...... 5 Sa. Dorsal sepal as wide as petals, lip acute .................... ... .......................... 6 6a. Sepals acute ....................... .................................................. P. pedicellaris 6b. Sepals long-caudate ......................................................... P. caudatisepa/a 5b. Dorsal sepal wider than petals, lip acuminate ... ... .... ...................... ......... 6 7a. Inflorescence subequal to leaves, lip apex hairy ...................... P. tausensis 7b. Inflorescence longer than leaves, lip not hairy ........ ........... .......... .... ... .... 8 8a. Petals narrowly ovate, lip subequal to sepals .................... .... . P. propinqua 8b. Petals linear, lip shorter than sepals ................. ... .. ...... ... ......... . P. oxyg/ossa 3b. Inflorescence simultaneous, 3 or more flowers open at once .. .... .... ....... . 9 9a. Inflorescence shorter than the leaf ...... .................. .. ............... ......... .... .. 10 10a. Inflorescence 0.1-0.3 cm, with only 1-3 flowers ...... ......... ....... ... P. obtecta 10b. Inflorescence 0.5-4 cm, congested, many flowered ...... ...... P. stenostachya 9b. Inflorescence larger than leaf ...................... .. ............. ......... .................. 11 11 a. I nflorescence congested at the apex ....... ......... ....... ......... ... .... P. compacta 11 b. Inflorescence subcongested to loosely flowered .................... ............... 12 12a. Lip apex incurved ............. .... .......... .... ... .... ........ .. ............. ..... P. perpusilla 12b. Lip apex not incurved ....... ...... .... ............... .. ... .... ... ... ..... .. .............. ...... 13 ORQUIDEOLOGIA XXVI1(2), 2010 219 13a. Inflorescence lax, lip acute, w ith a conspicuous glen ion ... .. : ... .... ... ....... ...... ............... ....... .... .. ... .. .... .... ..... ... ...... ......... P. lancilabris 13b. Inflorescence congested, lip obtuse, w ithout an obvious glen ion ...... ... .. .... ..... ....... .......................... ..... ....... ... ..... ...... .. .... ... .. ... P. ovatilabia Acknowledgements The scientific services of Costa Rican Ministry of Environment, Energy and Tele­ communications (MINAET) and its National System of Conservation Areas (SI­ NAC) for issuing the collecting permi ts under which wild species were co llected. The curators and staff at CR, INB and USJ herbaria for granting access to the collections and for the faciliti es provided. We are indebted to Robert L. Dressler and Franco Pupulin for their continuous support. We thank the staff of LBC. The present paper is part of the Project 814-A7 -015, " Inventario y taxonomfa de la flora epffita de la region Neotropica l - Orchidaceae", sponsored by the Vice­ Presidency of Research, University of Costa Rica. Literature: LUER, c.A. 1990. Pleurothallidinarum VII. Systematics of Platystele. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Card. 38: 1-135 . ____ . 2003. Platystele. Pages 381-386 in B.E. Hammel, M .H. Crayum, C. Herrera and N. Zamora, eds., Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica. Vol. 3. Monoco­ tiled6neas (Orchidaceae - Zingiberaceae). M onogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Card . 93. 220 ORQUIDEOLOCIA XXVI1(2), 2010 View publication statsView publication stats https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258442656