Biological and proteolytic variation in the venom of Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus from Mexico
artículo original
Fecha
2018-01Autor
Borja, Miguel
Neri Castro, Edgar
Castañeda Gaytán, Gamaliel
Strickland, Jason L.
Parkinson, Christopher L.
Castañeda Gaytán, Juan
Ponce López, Roberto
Lomonte, Bruno
Olvera Rodríguez, Alejandro
Alagón Cano, Alejandro
Pérez Morales, Rebeca
Metadatos
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Rattlesnake venoms may be classified according to the presence/absence and relative
abundance of the neurotoxic phospholipases A2s (PLA2s), such as Mojave toxin, and snake venom
metalloproteinases (SVMPs). In Mexico, studies to determine venom variation in Mojave Rattlesnakes
(Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus) are limited and little is known about the biological and proteolytic
activities in this species. Tissue (34) and venom (29) samples were obtained from C. s. scutulatus from
different locations within their distribution in Mexico. Mojave toxin detection was carried out at the
genomic (by PCR) and protein (by ELISA) levels for all tissue and venom samples. Biological activity
was tested on representative venoms by measuring LD50 and hemorrhagic activity. To determine the
approximate amount of SVMPs, 15 venoms were separated by RP-HPLC and variation in protein
profile and proteolytic activity was evaluated by SDS-PAGE (n = 28) and Hide Powder Azure
proteolytic analysis (n = 27). Three types of venom were identified in Mexico which is comparable to
the intraspecific venom diversity observed in the Sonoran Desert of Arizona, USA: Venom Type A
( Type II), with Mojave toxin, highly toxic, lacking hemorrhagic activity, and with scarce proteolytic
activity; Type B ( Type I), without Mojave toxin, less toxic than Type A, highly hemorrhagic
and proteolytic; and Type A + B, containing Mojave toxin, as toxic as venom Type A, variable
in hemorrhagic activity and with intermediate proteolytic activity. We also detected a positive
correlation between SVMP abundance and hemorrhagic and proteolytic activities. Although more
sampling is necessary, our results suggest that venoms containing Mojave toxin and venom lacking
this toxin are distributed in the northwest and southeast portions of the distribution in Mexico,
respectively, while an intergradation in the middle of both zones is present
External link to the item
10.3390/toxins10010035Colecciones
- Microbiología [1171]
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