Comparison of venom composition and biological activities of the subspecies Crotalus lepidus lepidus, Crotalus lepidus klauberi and Crotalus lepidus morulus from Mexico
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Fecha
2013-08-01Autor
Martínez Romero, Gerardo
Rucavado Romero, Alexandra
Lazcano, David
Gutiérrez, José María
Borja, Miguel
Lomonte, Bruno
Garza García, Yolanda
Zugasti Cruz, Alejandro
Metadatos
Mostrar el registro completo del ítemResumen
The rock rattlesnakes Crotalus lepidus comprise a group (lepidus, klauberi, morulus and
maculosus) of poorly known mountain cold-tolerant snakes in Mexico. In particular, Crotalus
lepidus morulus is a snake endemic of the northeast of Mexico, whereas Crotalus
lepidus klauberi and C. l. lepidus are distributed in some regions of the north and central
Mexico and southern U. S. Until now very little data are available from C. lepidus subspecies
from Mexico, as the terrain inhabited by these snakes is generally steep and rugged. In this
work, we have determined some biochemical and biological properties of C. l. morulus, C. l.
klauberi and C. l. lepidus crude venoms. Some minor differences in venoms were noted in
SDS-PAGE, HPLC profile and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry analysis. Partial sequences of
metalloproteinases, phospholipases A2 (PLA2) and galactose-specific lectins were identified
in the venoms. Venoms of C. l. klauberi and C. l. lepidus had significantly higher
hemorrhagic and lethal activities than C. l. morulus venom. Proteolytic activity in azocasein
was higher in C. l. morulus venom, whereas gelatin hydrolysis was higher in C. l. klauberi.
Fibrinogenolytic and PLA2 activities were very similar in all venoms tested. The histological
observations in the gastrocnemius muscle damaged by venoms from all the subspecies
confirmed myonecrotic and hemorrhagic activities (at 3 and 24 h), which resulted in a poor
regenerative response after 14 days. However, C. l. lepidus and C. l. klauberi venom induced
a higher increase in the plasma activity of creatine kinase (CK), evidencing higher myotoxicity,
whereas paw edema-inducing activity was higher in C. l. lepidus venom. The results
indicate that the venoms from the three subspecies have similar protein profiles in
electrophoresis, HPLC and molecular weight determinations. However, differences were
found in the biological activities in mice. Notably, the venoms of C. l. lepidus and C. l.
klauberi present higher toxicity (lower LD50) and hemorrhagic activity than C. l. morulus
venom.
External link to the item
10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.05.006Colecciones
- Microbiología [1170]
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