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The Phospholipase A2 Homologues of Snake Venoms: Biological Activities and Their Possible Adaptive Roles
(2009)
A particular subgroup of toxins with phospholipase A2 (PLA2) structure, but devoid of this enzymatic activity, is commonly found in the venoms of snakes of the family Viperidae, and known as the PLA2 homologues. Among ...
Antivenoms for the treatment of snakebite envenomings: The road ahead
(2011-05)
The parenteral administration of antivenoms is the cornerstone of snakebite envenoming therapy. Efforts are made to ensure that antivenoms of adequate efficacy and safety are available world-wide. We address the main issues ...
The Need for Full Integration of Snakebite Envenoming within a Global Strategy to Combat the Neglected Tropical Diseases: The Way Forward
(2013-06-13)
Snakebite envenoming constitutes a serious medical condition that primarily affects residents of rural communities in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and New Guinea [1], [2]. It is an occupational, environmental, and domestic ...
Functional analysis of DM64, an antimyotoxic protein with immunoglobulin-like structure from Didelphis marsupialis serum
(2002-12-11)
Bothrops snake venoms are known to induce local tissue damage such as hemorrhage and myonecrosis. The opossum Didelphis marsupialis is resistant to these snake venoms and has natural venom inhibitors in its plasma. The aim ...
Effects of Bothrops asper snake venom on the expression of cyclooxygenases and production of prostaglandins by peritoneal leukocytes in vivo, and by isolated neutrophils and macrophages in vitro
(2009-03)
In this study, the ability of Bothrops asper snake venom (BaV) to increase the production of prostaglandins PGE2 and PGD2 was assessed in a mouse model in vivo and in inflammatory cells in vitro. In addition, the expressions ...
Skin Pathology Induced by Snake Venom Metalloproteinase: Acute Damage, Revascularization, and Re-epithelization in a Mouse Ear Model
(2008-10)
Viperid snakebite envenomation induces blistering and dermonecrosis. The pathological alterations induced by a snake venom metalloproteinase in the skin were investigated in a mouse ear model. Metalloproteinase BaP1, from ...
Inhibition by CaNa2EDTA of local tissue damage induced by Bothrops asper (terciopelo) venom: Application in horse immunization for antivenom production
(1998-03-26)
The ability of the chelating agent CaNa2EDTA to inhibit local tissue damage induced by Bothrops asper venom was studied in mice and in horses used for polyvalent (Crotalinae) antivenom production. CaNa2EDTA was devoid of ...
Snake venom metalloproteinases: structure/function relationships studies using monoclonal antibodies
(2003-12)
Snake Venom Metalloproteinases (SVMPs) are synthesized as zymogens and undergo proteolytic processing resulting in a variety of multifunctional proteins. Jararhagin is a P-III SVMP, isolated from the venom of Bothrops ...
A Call for Incorporating Social Research in the Global Struggle against Snakebite
(2015-09-17)
In Africa, Asia, Latin America, and parts of Oceania, envenoming after snakebite is a serious
public health problem. Conservative data suggest that between 1.2 and 5.5 million people
suffer snakebites every year, resulting ...
Phospholipases A2: Unveiling the secrets of a functionally versatile group of snake venom toxins
(2013-02)
Phospholipases A2 (PLA2s) are abundant components of snake venoms, where they play toxic and digestive roles. Despite having a similar three-dimensional structure, venom PLA2s exert an amazing variety of toxic and ...