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Role of enzymatic activity inmuscle damage and cytotoxicity induced by Bothrops asper Asp49 phospholipase A2 myotoxins: are there additional effector mechanisms involved?
(Peer Journal 2:e569; DOI 10.7717/peerj.569, 2014-09-16)
Viperid venoms often contain mixtures of Asp49 and Lys49 PLA2 myotoxin isoforms,
relevant to development of myonecrosis. Given their difference in catalytic
activity, mechanistic studies on each type require highly ...
Bothrops snake myotoxins induce a large efflux of ATP and potassium with spreading of cell damage and pain
(2010-07-26)
Myotoxins play a major role in the pathogenesis of the envenomations caused by snake bites in large parts of the world where this is a very relevant public health problem. We show here that two myotoxins that are major ...
Snake venomics and antivenomics: Proteomic tools in the design and control of antivenoms for the treatment of snakebite envenoming
(2009-03-06)
Snakebite envenoming represents a neglected tropical disease that has a heavy public health impact, particularly in Asia, Africa and Latin America. A global initiative, aimed at increasing antivenom production and ...
The C-terminal region of a Lys49 myotoxin mediates Ca2þ influx in C2C12 myotubes
(2010-02)
Myotoxins are abundant components of snake venoms, being a significant public health problem worldwide. Among them, Lys49 phospholipase A2 homologue myotoxins cause extensive necrosis in skeletal muscle tissue. Their ...
Antivenomics of Atropoides mexicanus and Atropoides picadoi snake venoms: Relationship to the neutralization of toxic and enzymatic activities
(2010-09-30)
Viperid snakes of the genus Atropoides are distributed in Mexico and Central America and, owing to their size and venom yield, are capable of provoking severe envenomings in humans. This study evaluated, using an ‘antivenomics’ ...
Snake venomics of Bothriechis nigroviridis reveals extreme variability among palm pitviper venoms: different evolutionary solutions for the same trophic purpose
(2010)
We report the proteomic characterization and biological activities of the venom of the black-speckled palm pitviper, Bothriechis nigroviridis, a neotropical arboreal pitviper from Costa Rica. In marked contrast to other ...
Comparative study of the cytolytic activity of myotoxic phospholipases A2 on mouse endothelial (tEnd) and skeletal muscle (C2C12) cells in vitro
(1999-01)
A rapid in vitro cytolytic effect of some myotoxic phospholipases A2 (PLA2s) isolated from the venoms of Viperidae snakes has been previously described. This study was undertaken to investigate if cytolytic activity is a ...
Phospholipase A2 enhances the endothelial cell detachment effect of a snake venom metalloproteinase in the absence of catalysis
(2015-10-05)
Microvessel disruption leading to hemorrhage stands among the most dangerous consequences of envenomings by snakes of the family Viperidae. A PIII metalloproteinase (SVMP), balteragin, purified from the venom of the snake ...
Snake Venomics of Central American Pitvipers: Clues for Rationalizing the Distinct Envenomation Profiles of Atropoides nummifer and Atropoides picadoi
(2008)
We report the proteomic characterization of the Central American pitvipers Atropoides nummifer and
Atropoides picadoi. The crude venoms were fractionated by reverse-phase high-performance liquid
chromatography (HPLC), ...
Skeletal muscle necrosis and regeneration after injection of Thalassophryne nattereri (niquim) fish venom in mice
(2001-02)
Stings by Thalassophryne nattereri are responsible for envenomation of fishermen in north-eastern Brazil. Its venom induces prominent local tissue damage, characterized by pain, oedema and necrosis. The pathogenesis of ...