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Novel snakebite therapeutics must be tested in appropriate rescue models to robustly assess their preclinical efficacy
(2020)
In the field of antivenom research, development, and manufacture, it is often advised to follow the World Health Organization’s (WHO) guidelines for the production, control, and regulation of snake antivenom immunoglobulins, ...
A Lys49 phospholipase A2 homologue from Bothrops asper snake venom induces proliferation, apoptosis and necrosis in a lymphoblastoid cell line
(2005-04)
Lys49 phospholipase A2 homologues are abundant in viperid snake venoms. These proteins have substitutions at the calcium-binding loop and catalytic center which render them enzymatically inactive; however, they display a ...
Venom Composition and Diet of the Cantil Agkistrodon bilineatus howardgloydi (Serpentes: Viperidae)
(1999-12)
The southernmost subspecies of the cantil, Agkistrodon bilineatus howardgloydi, occurs in almost all terrestrial habitats of the sector Santa Rosa National Park, in Guanacaste Conservation Area, Costa Rica. We obtained 21 ...
Why myotoxin-containing snake venoms possess powerful nucleotidases?
(2013-01-25)
The venom of the snake Bothrops asper causes muscle necrosis, pain and inflammation. This venom contains myotoxins which cause an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration and release of K+ and ATP from myotubes. ATP ...
A randomized double-blind clinical trial of two antivenoms in patients bitten by Bothrops atrox in Colombia
(1996-12)
A randomized double-blind clinical trial in 39 patients envenomed by Bothrops atrox in Antioquia and Chocó, Colombia, was performed to compare the efficacy and safety of 2 equine-derived antivenoms prepared at Instituto ...
Turbidity of hyperimmune equine antivenom: the role of phenol and serum lipoproteins
(1993)
Twenty batches of polyvalent antivenom produced at the Instituto Clodomiro Picado were analyzed for turbidity, both before and after freezing-thawing and lyophilization. Eight batches became turbid upon freezing-thawing, ...
Pathogenic mechanisms underlying adverse reactions induced by intravenous administration of snake antivenoms
(2013-12-15)
Snake antivenoms are formulations of immunoglobulins, or immunoglobulin fragments, purified from the plasma of animals immunized with snake venoms. Their therapeutic success lies in their ability to mitigate the progress ...
Effects of Bothrops asper snake venom on the expression of cyclooxygenases and production of prostaglandins by peritoneal leukocytes in vivo, and by isolated neutrophils and macrophages in vitro
(2009-03)
In this study, the ability of Bothrops asper snake venom (BaV) to increase the production of prostaglandins PGE2 and PGD2 was assessed in a mouse model in vivo and in inflammatory cells in vitro. In addition, the expressions ...
Snake Venomics of the Central American Rattlesnake Crotalus simus and the South American Crotalus durissus Complex Points to Neurotoxicity as an Adaptive Paedomorphic Trend along Crotalus Dispersal in South America
(2010)
We report a comparative venomic and antivenomic characterization of the venoms of newborn and adult specimens of the Central American rattlesnake, Crotalus simus, and of the subspecies cumanensis, durissus, ruruima, and ...
Integrated “omics” profiling indicates that miRNAs are modulators of the ontogenetic venom composition shift in the Central American rattlesnake, Crotalus simus simus
(2013)
Background
Understanding the processes that drive the evolution of snake venom is a topic of great research interest in molecular and evolutionary toxinology. Recent studies suggest that ontogenetic changes in venom ...