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dc.creatorVargas Arroyo, Mariángela
dc.creatorSegura Ruiz, Álvaro
dc.creatorHerrera Vega, María
dc.creatorVillalta Arrieta, Mauren
dc.creatorEstrada Umaña, Ricardo
dc.creatorCerdas Solís, Maykel
dc.creatorPaiva, Owen K.
dc.creatorMatainaho, Teatulohi
dc.creatorJensen, Simon D.
dc.creatorWinkel, Kenneth D.
dc.creatorLeón Montero, Guillermo
dc.creatorGutiérrez, José María
dc.creatorWilliams, David J.
dc.date.accessioned2014-05-12T22:46:22Z
dc.date.available2014-05-12T22:46:22Z
dc.date.issued2011-05-17
dc.identifier.citationhttp://www.plosntds.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pntd.0001144
dc.identifier.issn1935-2727
dc.identifier.otheressn: 1935-2735
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10669/11053
dc.descriptionarticulo (arbitrado) -- Universidad de Costa Rica, Instituto de Investigaciones Clodomiro Picado, 2011es
dc.description.abstractBackground: Snake bite is a common medical emergency in Papua New Guinea (PNG). The taipan, Oxyuranus scutellatus, inflicts a large number of bites that, in the absence of antivenom therapy, result in high mortality. Parenteral administration of antivenoms manufactured in Australia is the current treatment of choice for these envenomings. However, the price of these products is high and has increased over the last 25 years; consequently the country can no longer afford all the antivenom it needs. This situation prompted an international collaborative project aimed at generating a new, low-cost antivenom against O. scutellatus for PNG. Methodology/Principal Findings: A new monospecific equine whole IgG antivenom, obtained by caprylic acid fractionation of plasma, was prepared by immunising horses with the venom of O. scutellatus from PNG. This antivenom was compared with the currently used F(ab’)2 monospecific taipan antivenom manufactured by CSL Limited, Australia. The comparison included physicochemical properties and the preclinical assessment of the neutralisation of lethal neurotoxicity and the myotoxic, coagulant and phospholipase A2 activities of the venom of O. scutellatus from PNG. The F(ab’)2 antivenom had a higher protein concentration than whole IgG antivenom. Both antivenoms effectively neutralised, and had similar potency, against the lethal neurotoxic effect (both by intraperitoneal and intravenous routes of injection), myotoxicity, and phospholipase A2 activity of O. scutellatus venom. However, the whole IgG antivenom showed a higher potency than the F(ab’)2 antivenom in the neutralisation of the coagulant activity of O. scutellatus venom from PNG. Conclusions/Significance: The new whole IgG taipan antivenom described in this study compares favourably with the currently used F(ab’)2 antivenom, both in terms of physicochemical characteristics and neutralising potency. Therefore, it should be considered as a promising low-cost candidate for the treatment of envenomings by O. scutellatus in PNG, and is ready to be tested in clinical trials.es
dc.description.sponsorshipThis study was supported by Vicerrectoría de Investigación, Universidad de Costa Rica (project 741-A9-003); the PNG Office of Higher Education, CTP Limited (Milne Bay Estates), and the Australian Venom Research Unit (University of Melbourne), which is funded by the Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing, the Australia Pacific Science Foundation and Snowy Nominees. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.es
dc.language.isoen_USes
dc.publisherPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 5 (5) e1144es
dc.rightsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Costa Rica*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/*
dc.subjectVeneno de serpientees
dc.subjectPapua New Guineaes
dc.subjectHorsees
dc.subjectChemical neutralizationes
dc.subjectBlood plasmaes
dc.subjectSnake venomes
dc.subjectSustancia peligrosaes
dc.titlePreclinical evaluation of caprylic-acid fractionated IgG antivenom for the treatment of taipan (Oxyuranus scutellatus) envneoming in Papua New Guineaes
dc.typeartículo original
dc.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.pntd.0001144
dc.description.procedenceUCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias de la Salud::Instituto Clodomiro Picado (ICP)es


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