Educación física y recreación
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Examinando Educación física y recreación por Materia "612.044 084 Ejercicio y deportes"
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Ítem Gait Characteristics and Sensory Abilities of Older Adults are Modulated by Gender(2015-06) Scaglioni Solano, Pietro; Aragón Vargas, Luis FernandoDespite the general perception that women and men walk differently, little is known about the reasons for these differences, especially in older adults. Previous work on gender differences in older adults has focused on spatiotemporal parameters. This study aims to assess gender-related differences in gait spatiotemporal and quality parameters when walking on a flat walkway at two different self-selected speeds: comfortable and fast. Sensorimotor abilities (Strength, agility, standing balance, reaction time) were also compared by gender, and gender-specific associations between spatiotemporal and sensorimotor parameters and gait quality were studied. Two tri-axial accelerometers were used at head and pelvis levels to investigate spatiotemporal parameters (step length, velocity and cadence), and gait quality (harmonic ratios (HR) and attenuation of accelerations between body levels) in 122 older adults (90 women, 69.7 ± 5.1 y.o. and 32 men, 71.6 ± 6.4 y.o.). Both men and women walked with similar speed; however women presented faster cadence and shorter steps than men at both walking speeds. Women also walked with greater vertical HR (head and pelvis), mediolateral pelvis HR, and attenuation (mediolateral and anteroposterior) than men. Women had better control of standing balance on foam (eyes open and closed) and tandem test. Moreover, balance on foam, tandem test, step length and cadence were associated to gender-specific gait quality parameters. The aging process seems to be affecting men and women differently, thus, gender differences should be considered when preparing intervention programs to improve balance and gait in older populations or when establishing normative data for balance and gait in older adults.Ítem Kinesiological Factors in Vertical Jump Performance: Differences Among Individuals(1997-02) Aragón Vargas, Luis Fernando; Gross, M. MelissaThe purpose of this study was to investigate the kinesiological factors that distinguish good jumpers from poor ones, in an attempt to understand the critical factors in vertical jump performance (VJP). Fifty-two normal, physically active male college students each performed five maximal vertical jumps with arms akimbo. Ground reaction forces and video data were collected during the jumps. Subjects' strength was tested isometrically. Thirty-five potential predictor variables were calculated for statistical modeling by multiple-regression analysis. At the whole-body level of analysis, the best models (which included peak and average mechanical power) accounted for 88% of VJP variation (p < .0005). At the segmental level, the best models accounted for 60% of variation in VJP (p < .0005). Unexpectedly, coordination variables were not related to VJP. These data suggested that VJP was most strongly associated with the mechanical power developed during jump execution.Ítem Termorregulación e hidratación en niños que realizan actividad física(1999) Aragón Vargas, Luis FernandoDurante la actividad física, los seres humanos generamos calor que debe ser disipado al medio ambiente de manera eficiente, para evitar un aumento en la temperatura corporal que podría ser perjudicial no sólo para el rendimiento deportivo sino aún para la misma salud. La deshidratación que normalmente acompaña a la actividad física en mayor o menor medida, también debe ser controlada para que no afecte el rendimiento ni la salud. Es particularmente importante entender las respuestas fisiológicas de los niños durante la actividad física, en este caso, en lo que concierne a termorregulación e hidratación.