Global Human Footprint on the Linkage between Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning in Reef Fishes
artículo original
Fecha
2011Autor
Mora, Camilo
Aburto Oropeza, Octavio
Ayala Bocos, Arturo
Ayotte, Paula M.
Banks, Stuart
Bauman, Andrew G.
Beger, Maria
Bessudo, Sandra
Booth, David J.
Brokovich, Eran
Brooks, Andrew
Chabanet, Pascale
Cinner, Joshua E.
Cortés Núñez, Jorge
Cruz Motta, Juan José
Cupul Magaña, Amilcar Levi
DeMartini, Edward E.
Edgar, Graham J.
Feary, David A.
Ferse, Sebastian C. A.
Friedlander, Alan M.
Gaston, Kevin J.
Gough, Charlotte
Graham, Nicholas A. J.
Green, Alison
Guzmán Espinal, Héctor M.
Hardt, Marah J.
Kulbicki, Michel
Letourneur, Yves
López Pérez, Andrés
Loreau, Michel
Loya, Yossi
Martínez Iglesias, Camilo Ernesto
Mascareñas Osorio, Ismael
Morove, Tau
Nadon, Marc Olivier
Nakamura, Yohei
Paredes Ríos, Gustavo
Polunin, Nicholas V. C.
Pratchett, Morgan S.
Reyes Bonilla, Héctor
Rivera, Fernando
Sala, Enric
Sandin, Stuart A.
Soler, German
Stuart Smith, Rick D.
Tessier, Emmanuel
Tittensor, Derek P.
Tupper, Mark
Usseglio, Paolo
Vigliola, Laurent
Wantiez, Laurent
Williams, Ivor
Wilson, Shaun K.
Zapata, Fernando A.
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Difficulties in scaling up theoretical and experimental results have raised controversy over the consequences of biodiversity loss for the functioning of natural ecosystems. Using a global survey of reef fish assemblages, we show that in contrast to previous theoretical and experimental studies, ecosystem functioning (as measured by standing biomass) scales in a non-saturating manner with biodiversity (as measured by species and functional richness) in this ecosystem. Our field study also shows a significant and negative interaction between human population density and biodiversity on ecosystem functioning (i.e., for the same human density there were larger reductions in standing biomass at more diverse reefs). Human effects were found to be related to fishing, coastal development, and land use stressors, and currently affect over 75% of the world's coral reefs. Our results indicate that the consequences of biodiversity loss in coral reefs have been considerably underestimated based on existing knowledge and that reef fish assemblages, particularly the most diverse, are greatly vulnerable to the expansion and intensity of anthropogenic stressors in coastal areas.