• Central America [in State of the Climate in 2013] 

      Amador Astúa, Jorge Alberto; Alfaro Martínez, Eric J.; Hidalgo León, Hugo G.; Durán Quesada, Ana María; Calderón Solera, Blanca; Rivera, Ingrid; Vega, Carla (2014-07)
      In 2013, the vast majority of the monitored climate variables reported here maintained trends established in recent decades. ENSO was in a neutral state during the entire year, remaining mostly on the cool side of ...
    • Central America [in State of the Climate in 2014] 

      Amador Astúa, Jorge Alberto; Hidalgo León, Hugo G.; Alfaro Martínez, Eric J.; Durán Quesada, Ana María; Calderón Solera, Blanca; Vega, Carla (2015-07)
      Most of the dozens of essential climate variables monitored each year in this report continued to follow their long-term trends in 2014, with several setting new records. Carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide the ...
    • Central America [in State of the Climate in 2015] 

      Amador Astúa, Jorge Alberto; Hidalgo León, Hugo G.; Alfaro Martínez, Eric J.; Durán Quesada, Ana María; Calderón Solera, Blanca (2016)
      The text discusses the analysis of weather stations in the region, including stations on both the Caribbean and Pacific slopes. Data from the NOAA/NCEI GHCN daily precipitation dataset for 2015 showed significant missing ...
    • Central America [in State of the Climate in 2016] 

      Amador Astúa, Jorge Alberto; Hidalgo León, Hugo G.; Alfaro Martínez, Eric J.; Durán Quesada, Ana María; Calderón Solera, Blanca; Mora Sandí, Natalí Pamela; Arce Fernández, Dayanna (2017)
      Central America experienced anomalies in temperature and precipitation in 2016. Mean temperatures were higher than average, particularly in Puerto Barrios, Choluteca, and San José. The increase in mean temperatures was due ...
    • Central America [in State of the Climate in 2017] 

      Alfaro Martínez, Eric J.; Amador Astúa, Jorge Alberto; Calderón Solera, Blanca; Hidalgo León, Hugo G.; Mora Sandí, Natali Pamela (2018)
      For this region, nine stations from five countries were analyzed. Stations on the Caribbean slope are: Philip Goldson International Airport, Belize; Puerto Barrios, Guatemala; Puerto Lempira, Honduras; and Puerto Limón, ...
    • Central America [in State of the Climate in 2018] 

      Amador Astúa, Jorge Alberto; Hidalgo León, Hugo G.; Alfaro Martínez, Eric J.; Calderón Solera, Blanca; Mora Sandí, Natali Pamela; Stephenson, T. S.; Taylor, M. A.; Trotman, A.R.; Van Meerbeeck, C. J.; Campbell, J. D.; Brown, A.; Spence, J. (2019)
      Estado del clima para la región de Centroamérica y el Caribe
    • Central America [in State of the Climate in 2019] 

      Amador Astúa, Jorge Alberto; Hidalgo León, Hugo G.; Alfaro Martínez, Eric J.; Calderón Solera, Blanca; Mora Sandí, Natali Pamela (2020)
      Regional Climates is one chapter from the State of the Climate in 2019 annual report. Compiled by NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information, State of the Climate in 2019 is based on contributions from scientists ...
    • Central America [in State of the Climate in 2020] 

      Amador Astúa, Jorge Alberto; Hidalgo León, Hugo G.; Alfaro Martínez, Eric J.; Calderón Solera, Blanca; Mora Sandí, Natali Pamela (2021)
      For this region, nine stations from five countries were analyzed (see Fig. 7.8 for data and station list). The station distribution covers the relevant intraseasonal regimes of precipitation (Amador 1998; Magaña et al. ...
    • Central America [in State of the Climate in 2021] 

      Amador Astúa, Jorge Alberto; Hidalgo León, Hugo G.; Alfaro Martínez, Eric J.; Calderón Solera, Blanca; Mora Sandí, Natali Pamela (2021)
      Regional Climates is one chapter from the State of the Climate in 2021 annual report. Compiled by NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information, State of the Climate in 2021 is based on contributions from scientists ...
    • Central America and the Caribbean 

      Amador Astúa, Jorge Alberto; Hidalgo León, Hugo G.; Alfaro Martínez, Eric J.; Durán Quesada, Ana María; Calderón Solera, Blanca (2016)
      This chapter provides summaries of the 2015 temperature and precipitation conditions across seven broad regions: North America, Central America and the Caribbean, South America, Africa, Europe, Asia, and Oceania. In most ...
    • Central and South America 

      Magrin, Graciela O.; Marengo, José A.; Boulanger, Jean Phillipe; Buckeridge, Marcos S.; Castellanos López, Edwin Josué; Poveda, Germán; Scarano, Fabio R.; Vicuña, Sebastián; Alfaro Martínez, Eric J.; Anthelme, Fabien; Barton, Jonathan; Becker, Nina; Bertrand, Arnaud; Confalonieri, Ulisses; de Souza, Amanda Pereira; Demiguel, Carlos; Francou, Bernard; Garreaud, Rene; Losada, Iñigo; McField, Melanie; Nobre, Carlos; Romero Lankao, Patricia; Saldiva, Paulo; Samaniego, Jose Luis; Travasso, María; Vigilizzo, Ernesto; Villamizar, Alicia (2014)
      El texto destaca las tendencias significativas en la precipitación y la temperatura en América Central y América del Sur. Se observan cambios en la variabilidad climática y los eventos extremos que han afectado severamente ...
    • Changes in Aridity in the Western United States 

      Hidalgo León, Hugo G.; Dettinger, Michael D.; Cayan, Daniel R. (2008-08)
      It is often remarked that most of the western US (Figure 1) is “always in drought,” especially by visitors from wetter climates. The plants and landforms of the West, however, are more or less adapted to the region’s ...
    • Changes in Meteorological Variables in Coronel Oviedo, Paraguay, During the Total Solar Eclipse of 3 November 1994 

      Fernández Rojas, Walter; Hidalgo León, Hugo G.; Coronel Martínez, Genaro; Morales Espínola, Evelio (1996)
      Solar global radiation, air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed were measured in Coronel Oviedo, Paraguay, within the path of totality of the eclipse of 3 November 1994. Global radiation decreased gradually ...
    • Changes in solar irradiance and atmospheric turbidity in Costa Rica during the total solar eclipse of July 11, 1991 

      Fernández Rojas, Walter; Castro León, Vilma; Wright Gilmore, Jaime; Hidalgo León, Hugo G.; Sáenz, Alejandro (1993)
      Solar global radiation was measured in several places in Costa Rica during the total solar eclipse that ocurred in July 11, 1991. In two of these places, Puntarenas and Santa Cruz, measurements in yhe ultraviolet range ...
    • Characterising droughts in Central America with uncertain hydro-meteorological data 

      Quesada Montano, Beatriz; Wetterhall, Fredrik; Westerberg, Ida K.; Hidalgo León, Hugo G.; Halldin, Sven (2018)
      Central America is frequently affected by droughts that cause significant socio-economic and environmental problems. Drought characterisation, monitoring and forecasting are potentially useful to support water resource ...
    • Characteristics of tropical cyclones making landfall on the Pacific coast of Mexico: 1970-2010 

      Farfán Molina, Luis Manuel; Alfaro Martínez, Eric J.; Cavazos Pérez, María Tereza (Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera de la Universidad Autónoma de México 26(2):163-182, 2013)
      Este estudio evalúa los impactos de los ciclones tropicales (CT) que tocaron tierra en áreas pobladas a lo largo de la costa del Pacífico mexicano. El periodo de interés abarca de 1970 a 2010 y se utiliza una base de datos ...
    • Characteristics of Tropical Cyclones Making Landfall on the Pacific Coast of Mexico: 1970-2014 

      Farfán Molina, Luis Manuel; Alfaro Martínez, Eric J.; Cavazos Pérez, María Tereza (2015-09)
      This study evaluates impacts from tropical cyclone (TC) landfalls on populated areas located along the Pacific Ocean coast of Mexico. The period of interest is from 1970 through 2014 and an international disaster database ...
    • Characterization and prediction of the Mid Summer Drought in the Tempisque river basin, North of Costa Rica, Central America, using ENSO and AMO relationships 

      Alfaro Martínez, Eric J. (2014-11)
      On the Pacific slope of Central America, the precipitation annual cycle is characterized by two rainfall maxima in June and September-October, an extended dry season from November to May, and a shorter reduced precipitation ...
    • Characterization of atmospheric structures observed by a VHF MST-type radar in the troposphere over Santa Cruz, Costa Rica 

      Garbanzo Salas, Marcial; Hocking, Wayne (2019)
      Results from the frst VHF profler research radar in Costa Rica, operating at a central radar frequency of 46.6 MHz, are presented. Emphasis has been on studies of scattering layers detected in the altitude range 1–6 km, ...
    • Characterization of the Mid Summer Drought in the Central Valley of Costa Rica, Central America 

      Alfaro Martínez, Eric J. (AGU Meeting of the Americas 2013, 2013)
      The IAS region is characterized by climate features of unique nature, one of them is the Mid-Summer Drought (MSD), “veranillo” or “canícula” in Spanish, an atmospheric attribute rarely observed in tropical regions. On ...