Patrones fenológicos de doce especies arbóreas del bosque montano de la Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica
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Date
Authors
Camacho, Marlen
Orozco, Lorena
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Universidad de Costa Rica
Abstract
Description
Durante 49 meses se observó la fenología de 160 árboles de 12 especies arbóreas de los bosques montanos de Costa Rica, mediante la evaluación de cuatro fenofases: floración, fructificación, brotadura y caída del follaje. Se encontraron diferentes patrones de ocurrencia en cada evento. La floración ocurre de manera continua en una especie y subanual en otra, cuatro especies muestran floraciones anuales y las seis restantes floracionessupranuales. De manera general, las floraciones se concentran de noviembre a mayo, a finales de la época lluviosa y durante la seca. La fructificación es continua en tres especies, anual en dos y supranual en las siete restantes, con mayor producción de frutos hacia el final de la época seca y primeros meses de la lluviosa. La brotadura de las hojas es un evento muy dinámico y altamente sincrónico en todas las especies estudiadas, con ritmos anuales en seis especies. La caída de las hojas ocurre de manera continua y sin cambios abruptos a través del año, en las doce especies estudiadas.
The phenology of 160 individuals from 12 tree species of Costa Rica's montane forests were observed monthIy during 49 months, in order to evaluate the following phenophases: flowering, fructification and leafing (budding and falling). Different occurrence patterns were found for each evento Thus, flowering occurred continuously for one species bu! suh-annually for another. Four species showed annual flowering and the olher six supra-annual flowering. Flowering was concentrated from November 10 May, at the end of Ihe rainy season, and during ¡he dry season. Fructification was continuous for tbree species, annual for Iwo, and supra-annual for the other seven. There was more fruits production at Ihe end of the dry season and during the first months of the rainy season. New leaf production was a very dynamic event and highly synchronic for all evaluated species, showing annual rhythms for six of them. Leaf falling was a continuous event throughout the year, without abrupt changes for all species under evaluation.
The phenology of 160 individuals from 12 tree species of Costa Rica's montane forests were observed monthIy during 49 months, in order to evaluate the following phenophases: flowering, fructification and leafing (budding and falling). Different occurrence patterns were found for each evento Thus, flowering occurred continuously for one species bu! suh-annually for another. Four species showed annual flowering and the olher six supra-annual flowering. Flowering was concentrated from November 10 May, at the end of Ihe rainy season, and during ¡he dry season. Fructification was continuous for tbree species, annual for Iwo, and supra-annual for the other seven. There was more fruits production at Ihe end of the dry season and during the first months of the rainy season. New leaf production was a very dynamic event and highly synchronic for all evaluated species, showing annual rhythms for six of them. Leaf falling was a continuous event throughout the year, without abrupt changes for all species under evaluation.
Keywords
cleyera, drimys, magnolia, montane tropical forest, ocorea, phenological pattems, quercus, schejjlera, styrax, vaccinium, weinmannia